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Abdomen 3 > Infectious & Inflammatory Diseases > Flashcards

Infectious & Inflammatory Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Fever, pain, leukocytosis

A

Clinical presentation for infection & inflammation

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2
Q

“-itis”

A

Indicates an inflammatory process

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3
Q

Localized collection of pus

A

Abscess

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4
Q

Inflammation of the liver

A

Hepatitis

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5
Q

Hepatitis routes for A, B, C, D

A

A: fecal-oral
B: blood and body fluids
C: transfusions
D: dependent on hep B

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6
Q

Hepatomegaly, decreased liver echogenicity, prominent portal vein walls, thickened GB

A

Acute hepatitis

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7
Q

Coarse liver parenchyma, increased echogenicity, portal HTN, cirrhosis

A

Chronic hepatitis

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8
Q

Simple to complex cyst in the liver, shaggy walls, internal septations, echogenic foci with posterior reverberation (gas)

A

Bacterial infection

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9
Q

Candidiasis

A

Yeast infection

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10
Q

Uniformly hypoechoic, “bulls eye” or “wheel in wheel” appearance

A

Candidiasis

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11
Q

Opportunistic infection

A

Pneumocystis carinii

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12
Q

Amebiasis

A

Parasitic disease

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13
Q

Hydatid disease

A

Parasitic tapeworm. Most common to occur in RT lobe

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14
Q

Schistosomiasis

A

Parasitic infection

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15
Q

Opportunistic infection that starts in the lungs and may affect many organs

A

Tuberculosis

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16
Q

Peritonitis

A

Inflammation of the peritoneum

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17
Q

Name some infectious and non infectious factors for peritonitis

A

Infectious: bacterial, fungal, etc
Non infectious: pancreatitis complications, reaction to foreign bodies

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18
Q

Most often due to impacted stones

A

Acute cholecystitis

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19
Q

GB wall >3mm, hyperaemia, gallstones, impaction at neck, GB hydrops, + Murphy’s sign

A

Sonographic appearance of acute cholecystitis

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20
Q

Lab values with acute cholecystitis

A

Serum bilirubin, ALP, WBC, AST, ALT

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21
Q

Necrosis of the GB

A

Gangrenous cholecystitis

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22
Q

Typically occurs at fundus of GB, free fluid in peritoneal cavity

A

Perforation

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23
Q

Emphysematous GB

A

Caused by gas forming bacteria and is more common in men and diabetics

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24
Q

Inflamed GB without stones

A

Acalculous cholecystitis

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25
Q

Appears as acute cholecystitis without stones

A

Acalculous cholecystitis

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26
Q

Most common form of symptomatic GB disease

A

Chronic cholecystitis

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27
Q

Lab values with chronic cholecystitis

A

AST, ALT, ALP, BILI

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28
Q

What is chronic cholecystitis associated with?

A

The development of GB carcinoma

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29
Q

Impacted stone in the cystic duct, GB neck or Hartmann’s pouch or compression of the CHD

A

Mirizzi Syndrome

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30
Q

Dilated ducts above level of obstruction but CBD normal

A

Sonographic appearance of Mirizzi

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31
Q

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis

A

Rare form of chronic inflammation of GB

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32
Q

Appears as a calcified GB wall

A

Porcelain GB

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33
Q

Inflammation of the bile ducts

A

Cholangitis

34
Q

Inflammation of the pancreas

A

Pancreatitis

35
Q

Increased amylase and lipase

A

Pancreatitis

36
Q

Inflammation of typically the terminal ileum and colon that affects all layers of the bowel

37
Q

Affects the colon and rectum, inflamed mucosa and submucosa layers

A

Ulcerative colitis

38
Q

Presents as RLQ pain and tenderness, leukocytosis and peritoneal irritation

A

Acute appendicitis

39
Q

Blind ended, non moving, non compressible tube >6mm in AP diameter

A

Sonographic appearance of appendicitis

40
Q

Distension of appendix with mucous

41
Q

Outpouching of bowel wall

A

Diverticula

42
Q

Inflamed diverticula

A

Diverticulitis

43
Q

Obstruction caused by twisting bowel

44
Q

Most common splenic sonographic finding in patients with AIDS

A

Moderate splenomegaly

45
Q

Pseudomembranous colitis is linked to what?

A

Antibiotic therapy

46
Q

Underlying cause of acute appendicitis

A

Obstruction of the lumen

47
Q

Sonographic appearance of acute pancreatitis

A

Hypoechoic and enlarged

48
Q

Flank pain, fever, frequent/urgent urination, increased WBC, pyuria, hematuria

A

S/S of UTI’s

49
Q

Inflamed renal tubules caused by E. coli

A

Acute pyelonephritis

50
Q

Sonographic appearance of acute pyelonephritis

A

Usually normal, loss of CM junction, renal enlargement, compression of sinus, altered echotexture, +/- gas

51
Q

Cortical scarring, asymmetrical changes, atrophy, dilated blunted calyces

A

Sonographic appearance of chronic pyelonephritis

52
Q

Complication of pyelonephritis that may decompress into collecting system of perinephric space

53
Q

Pus in the collecting system

A

Pyonephrosis

54
Q

Causes a thick bladder wall and decreased bladder capacity

55
Q

Loss of voluntary control of voiding

A

Neurogenic bladder

56
Q

Enlargement of the prostate and night time urination (nocturia)

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

57
Q

Inflammation of the prostate and seminal vesicle

A

Prostatitis

58
Q

Exudative pleural effusion is seen with…

A

Infections & neoplasms

59
Q

Most frequent cause of LUQ mass

A

Splenomegaly

60
Q
61
Q
A

Acute hepatitis

62
Q
A

Fungal disease

63
Q
A

Parasitic infection (schistosomiasis)

64
Q
A

Tuberculosis

65
Q
A

Acute cholecystitis

66
Q
A

Gangrenous cholecystitis

67
Q
A

Perforation

68
Q
A

Acalculous cholecystitis

69
Q
A

Chronic cholecystitis

70
Q
A

Mirizzi Syndrome

71
Q
A

Porcelain GB

72
Q
A

Acute cholangitis

73
Q
A

Biliary ascariasis

74
Q
A

Diffuse acute pancreatitis

75
Q
A

Crohn’s Disease

76
Q
A

Ulcerative colitis

77
Q
A

Appendicitis

78
Q
A

Bladder perforation

79
Q
A

Emphysematous cholecystitis

80
Q
A

Chronic pancreatitis

Abdomen 3 (8 decks)

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