Infectious HIV Flashcards
AIDS defining opportunistic illness
Candidiasis Cervical CA TB Coccidiodomycosis Cryptococcosis
Most common cause of HIV disease throughout world
HIV 1
Worldwide pandemic
HIV1 M group
RNA
reverse transcription of its RNA to DNA by enzyme reverse transcriptase
HIV
HIV high affinity binding responsible for helper function
CD4
Highest probability of acquiring HIV
Blood transfusion highest
Receptive anal intercourse
Needle sharing during injection drug use 63-%
Percutaneous needle stick 23
Most common mode of infection
Heterosexual transmission
Prevention of pneumocystis j
Trimethoprim
Sulfamethoxazole
Give trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole 1 ds tablet qd PO in PCP if CD4 count
<200
Stop prophy if CD4 >200 after 3 mos
PCP hallmark
Profound hypoxemia
Mycobacterium avium complex CD4 <50 count give
Azithromycin 1200mg weekly PO
600 BID PO weekly
Most common opportunistic infection in HIV most severe
MAC
Most HIV pxs die with
PCP
DOC for toxoplasma gondii
Give prophy if
Pyrimethamine
CD4 <200
Varicella zoster
Azyclovir 800mg
Valacyclovir 1g PO
Herpes virus tx
CMV tx
Acyclovir
Gancyclovir
Cryptococcus neoformans tx
Fluconazole 200mg/d PO
Stop prophy if CD4 >100
HIV RNA <500 copies
H capsulatum tx
Itraconazole 200mg BID
Acyclovir analog active against HSV and VZV esp in CMV
Gancyclovir
Used in combi against HIV and active Hep B also for chronic Hep B
Lamivudine
Most commonly used confirmatory test for HIV
Western blot
Antiviral choice for treatment of HSV
Acyclovir
Most common type of immunoblastic lymphoma HIV
Large B cell
Natural reservoir of HIV-1, most likely source of original human infection
Pan troglodytes troglodytes
AIDS defining opportunistic infection
Pneumocystosis
Candidiasis
Cryptoxoccosis
NOT TOXOPLASMOSIS
MSM, chronic headache, seizure, oral ulcer, diarrhea, unexplained weight loss and whitish plaque on oral mucosa
CD4 <100?
PML
JC virus
HIV infected persons have this chance of acquiring active TB in their lifetime
10%
