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VN08 > Infectious diseases in dogs > Flashcards

Infectious diseases in dogs Flashcards

1
Q

what is salmonellosis?

A
  • zoonotic disease
  • caused by salmonella
  • not host-species specific
  • occurs commonly in the intestinal tract of healthy mammals, birds, and reptiles
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2
Q

how is salmonellosis shed and transmitted?

A
  • shed in faeces
  • transmission occurs via ingestion of faecally contaminated food, water, or fomites
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3
Q

how does the salmonella bacteria multiply?

A

rapidly multiplies in foodstuffs stored at room temperature and in food that is inadequately cooked

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4
Q

what are some clinical signs of salmonellosis?

A
  • anorexia
  • depression
  • diarrhoea
  • vomiting
  • abdominal pain
  • weight loss
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5
Q

how do you diagnose salmonellosis?

A
  • blood tests
  • faecal culture
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6
Q

what is canine distemper virus?

A
  • closely related to the human measles virus
  • risk for unvaccinated dogs
  • transmission from dog to dog
  • virus is sensitive to routine disinfection
  • can only live in the environment for 1-2 days
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7
Q

what is canine distemper commonly seen in?

A
  • unvaccinated 3-6 month puppies which coincides with the waning of materal antibodies
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8
Q

how is canine distemper shed?

A
  • respiratory exudates
  • urine
  • faeces
  • saliva
  • ocular discharge
  • vomit
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9
Q

what is the incubation period for canine distemper?

A

7-21 days

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10
Q

what body systems can be affected by canine distemper?

A
  • respiratory
  • gastrointestinal
  • central nervous system
  • nose
  • footpads
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11
Q

what are some initial clinical signs of canine distemper?

A
  • mucousy eye and nose discharge
  • coughing
  • exudative pneumonia
  • fever
  • anorexia
  • lymphadenopathy
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12
Q

what are some clinical signs of canine distemper when the virus progresses?

A
  • vomiting and diarrhoea
  • hyperkeratosis of nose and footpads
  • enamel hypoplasia
  • skin rash
  • neurological signs
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13
Q

what neurological signs are shown with canine distemper?

A
  • seizures
  • twitching
  • limb weakness
  • muscle stiffness
  • imbalance
  • obtundation
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14
Q

how do you diagnose canine distemper?

A
  • blood test
  • thoracic radiographs
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15
Q

how can canine distemper virus be prevented?

A

vaccination

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16
Q

what is infectious canine hepatitis?

A
  • caused by canine adenovirus CAV-1, similar to the CAV-2 virus that causes kennel cough
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17
Q

what temperature inactivates infectious canine hepatitis?

A

temperatures over 50 degrees celsius

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18
Q

what organs does infectious canine hepatitis attack?

A
  • liver
  • blood vessels
  • immune system
  • kidneys
  • eyes
  • lungs
  • heart
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19
Q

how does infectious hepatitis spread?

A

in bodily fluids

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20
Q

where is the infectious canine hepatitis shed after 10 days and for how long?

A

in the urine for at least 6 months

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20
Q

what is the incubation period of infectious canine hepatitis?

21
Q

what are some clinical signs of infectious canine hepatitis?

A
  • lethargy
  • thirst
  • anorexia
  • abdominal pain
  • conjunctivitis
  • petetchia
22
Q

how do you diagnose infectious canine hepatitis?

A
  • blood tests
  • serological tests
  • history/clinical signs
  • post mortem
23
Q

how can infectious canine hepatitis be prevented?

A

vaccination

24
what is canine parvovirus?
highly contagious disease that causes acute, infectious GI illness that can be fatal to dogs, mostly puppies
25
how long can parvovirus survive in the environment?
months-years
26
what are the two distinct parvoviruses known to infect dogs?
CPV-2 and CPV-1
27
what are some predisposed breeds that are at an increased risk of parvovirus?
- rottweilers - doberman pinschers - american pit bull terriers - english springer spaniel - german shepherd
28
how is parvovirus shed and spread?
shed - in faeces spread - direct or indirect contact with infected dogs or their faeces
29
what are some clinical signs of parvo?
- lethargy - vomiting - severe, foul-smelling, HGE - sudden death
30
how do you diagnose parvo?
- blood tests - faecal sample - post mortem
30
what is leptospirosis?
- a bacterial disease that causes serious illness by damaging vital organs such as the liver and kidneys
31
how is leptospirosis spread?
spread in urine aand can enter the body through the mouth, nose, or wounds
32
how is leptospirosis destroyed?
dessication, disinfection and ultraviolet light
33
what is the incubation period for leptospirosis?
7 days
33
what are some clinical signs of leptospirosis?
- anorexia - pyrexia - depression -dehydration - petechiae - mouth ulcers - renal enlargement and pain
34
how is leptospirosis diagnosed?
- blood tests - urinalysis - serological testing - PCR - post mortem
35
what is canine infectious respiratory disease?
- kennel cough - highly contagious group of infectious disease - caused by a complex of microorganisms
36
what microorganisms can cause kennel cough?
-canine parainfluenza virus (PI-5) -Canine Herpesvirus -Canine Respiratory Coronavirus -Canine Pneumovirus -Canine Adenovirus 2 (CAV-2) -Bordetella bronchiseptica -Mycoplasma. B. bronchispetica
37
how is kennel cough transmitted?
- airborne - bacteria on toys, food bowls, and shared objects
38
what is the incubation period of kennel cough?
2-14 days
39
what are the clinical signs of kennel cough?
- cough - fever - tachypnoea - dyspnoea - purulent nasal dicharge
40
how do you prevent kennel cough?
vaccination
41
what is rabies?
- a zoonotic disease
42
how is rabies transmitted?
via saliva in bite wounds or abrasions
43
what is the average incubation period of rabies?
average of 2 months
44
what are the two main types of clinical signs of rabies?
- excitiative (furious) - paralytic (dumb)
45
what is the excitative side of rabies?
- irritability - aggression - neurological signs
46
what is the paralytic side of rabies?
- incoordination - laryngeal and pharyngeal paralysis - respiratory arrest
47
how can you prevent rabies?
vaccination

VN08 (9 decks)

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