Assisted feeding Flashcards
what are some aids of a feeding plan?
- provide adequate kcal
- to get sufficient protein
- prevent weight loss
how much protein should cats and dogs get?
- dogs - 15-25%
- cats - 25-35%
what is simple starvation?
when a previously healthy animal has not eaten for a 72 hour period
what is stressed starvation?
when a patient has been either anorexic for more than 3 days due to a severe illness or malnourished at the time of presentation for an illness
what is hepatic lipidosis?
- not eaten for several days
- release of fat from fat stores
- when nutrition is acutely reduced or stopped
what are the two routes of feeding?
- Enteral - into the gastrointestinal tract
- parenteral - intravenously
what is total parenteral nutrition?
- Provides all the animal’s protein and caloric requirements and must be provided through a central vein
what is partial parenteral nutrition?
- provides only part of an animal’s nutritional needs
what are some reasons for parenteral nutrition?
when they cannot be fed enterally or need complete bowel rest due to an obstruction etc
what is a method of enteral support?
syringe feeding
what are some different types of feeding tube?
- naso-oesophageal tube
- naso-gastric tube
- oesophagostomy tube
- gastrostomy tube (PEG)
- enterostomy tube
what does the choice of tube depend on?
- the area of the digestive tract to be avoided
- the anticipated duration of nutritional support
- the available food type
- the patient’s ability to withstand an anaesthetic
- the equipment, cost, and surgeon experience
what is a naso-oesophageal tube?
- placed into the nasal cavity and advanced into the distal oesophagus
- usually performed with local and not general
where should a naso-oesophageal tube be measured to in dogs and cats?
- dogs - 7th intercostal space
- cats - 9th rib
how long can a naso-oesophageal tube remain in place for?
one week
what is an oesophagostomy tube?
tube placed into the distal oesophagus and exits through skin
what is a gastrostomy tube?
feeding tube placed directly into stomach during a laparotomy or percutaneously using an endoscope
where is a jejunostomy tube placed?
placed into the jejunum in a laparotomy
what is a parenteral tube?
central line into jugular vein or long stay peripheral catheter
when can a gastrostomy tube be removed?
after 10-14 days of placement
what are some complications of a parenteral tube?
- sepsis
- electrolyte disturbances
- thrombophlebitis
