Infectious diseases & dermatology Flashcards
Most common form of extra pulmonary TB
Lymphatic
Mainstay of treatment for Kawasaki disease
Immunoglobulin and aspirin
Criteria for antiviral drugs for flu
Start within 48hrs of symptoms
65+ / < 6months / pregnant
or a b/g of….
Asplenism
Immunocompromised
IHD
CKD
Chronic liver disease
Chronic respiratory disease
Chronic neurological condition
Morbid obesity
Infection of unclear cause in a child <3 months, what should be given alongside 3rd gen cef ? and why?
Amox for listeria
School exclusion advice for mumps
return 5 days after onset of swelling
Treatment of choice for severe Falciparum malaria
IV Artesunate
Tx of choice for uncomplicated Falciparum malaria
Arteminisin combination therapy
Artemether + lumefantrine
School exclusion for scarlet fever
Can go back 24hrs after treatment commenced
What complication of chicken pox are pregnant women especially at risk of ?
Pneumonia
Where does the rubella rash typically start
Behind the ears
Rubella exclusion period
5 days from rash onset
Differentiator between malaria and dengue fever
Rash
Treatment for lyme disease, either rash present or +ve serology
2nd line
Doxy
Amox (1st line in pregnancy)
Most common cause for bilateral facial palsy
Lyme disease
When does gas gangrene develop
Deep soil wound
antiviral drug in influenza criteria
Present with 48hrs of symptoms and any of the following
Pregnant (up to 2 weeks PP)
65+
<6 MONTHS
Or major chronic conditions
(Zanavir can be started 36hrs after sx in children)
Most commonly used assay tests for HIV
p24
Cat scratch disease
Bartonella henselae
Organism causing chancroid
fastidious Gram-negative bacteria Haemophilus ducreyi.
Treatment for chancroid
Azithromycin or ceftriaxone
Onchocerciasis
Parasitic disease caused by the filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus
Transmitted through black flies
Lots of skin reactions, ocular involvement (river blindness)
CD4 count diagnostic of advanced HIV disease
anti-retroviral therapy should be considered
<200 mm3
<350 mm3
Tape worm treatment
niclosamide or praziquantel
Rose spots are seen in?
Typhoid, usually on the body
Horder’s spots can present as part of what infection?
Psittacosis
zoonotic infection caused by Chlamydia psittica
Horders spots are found on the face
Erythema marginatum
pale red maculopapular rash seen in rheumatic fever
Causes of acanthosis nigricans
Malignancy, e.g. gastric carcinoma, lymphoma
Acromegaly
Cushing’s syndrome
Diabetes Mellitus
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Obesity
Slapped cheek syndrome is also known as (2)
5th disease or erythema infectiosum
Slapped cheek syndrome is caused by?
Parovirus B19
Erythroderma definition
erythema affecting more than 90% of the body surface
Exfoliative erythroderma is also known as
Defined by
Red man syndrome
Erythema affecting more than 90% of the body surface + exfoliation
Most common underlying cause for exfoliative erythroderma
Atopic dermatitis
Infected eczema first line abx
Pen allergic
Flucloxacillin
Erythromycin
Pemphigus vulgaris vs Bullous pemphigoid
Nikolsky sign
Middle aged vs elderly
Flaccid lesions vs tense
Fluids vs haemorrhagic blisters
Oral involvement common vs rare
Puritis rare vs common
Positive vs negative
Skin biopsy in Pemphigus vulgaris
Intra-epidermal deposition of IgG between cells throughout the epidermis
Skin biopsy in Bullous pemphigoid
A band of IgG and/or C3 at the dermo-epidermal junction
Antiviral treatment in chicken pox, what is the indications?
In immunocompromised patients and those at special risk (e.g. because of severe cardiovascular or respiratory disease or chronic skin disorder);
Erysipelas is an infection of the superficial epidermis, most frequently caused by
Strep pyogenes
Acne conglobata =
very severe form of acne where acne nodules track together and form sinuses
Acne fulminans =
sudden severe inflammatory reaction that precipitates deep ulcerations and erosions, sometimes with systemic effects
Pork tape worm species
Beef tapeworm
Taenia solium
Taenia saginata
Haemoglobinuria and renal failure following treatment for malaria is suggestive of
Blackwater fever, which is caused by Plasmodium falciparum.
Malaria is usually diagnosed using the…
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT).
The benign malarias are:
And usually treated with…
P.vivax, P. malariae and P.ovale
Chloroquine
A course of primaquine is also required in P.vivax and P.ovale infection.
Notifiable disease, time frame to notify
Urgent
Non urgent
24hrs
72hrs
The median incubation period from HIV infection until the development of advanced HIV disease
10yrs
Needlestick injury
The risk of contracting Hepatitis C from a Hepatitis C positive source patient is
The risk of contracting HIV from an HIV positive source patient
3-10%
0.2-0.5%
In the UK, most cases of meningococcal septicaemia are caused by
Neisseria meningitidis group B
Cysticercosis
An infection caused by the larvae of the parasite Taenia solium
Whereby larval cysts infiltrate and disseminate throughout the lung, liver, eye, or brain.
Differentiate dengue fever vs malaria
Rash
Cutaneous vasculitis
Hereditary angioedema is caused by
deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor
Appropriate test for whooping cough in patients of all ages with cough <2 weeks
Nasopharangeal swab / aspirate
Appropriate test for whooping cough in patients of all ages with cough <3 weeks
PCR testing for pertussis toxcin (nasopharyngeal or throat swab).
Appropriate test for whooping cough in with cough >2 weeks:
17+
5-16 y/o
Antipertussis toxin IgG (serum)
Antipertussis toxin IgG (oral fluid)
