Infectious diseases Flashcards
Conjunctivitis (pink eye) Etiology
Viral Bacterial Allergic Foreign body
Conjunctivitis
Nursing Management
How to wipes the eyes?
What meds are taken?
How to loosen crusts?
How to prevent spread?
Hygiene = keep eye clean-wipe from inner to outer canthus
Medications = ophthalmic antibitoics–
Comfort = WARM COMPRESS to loosen crusts after sleep-15-20 seconds
(do not leave over eye)
Prevent Spread = wash clothes separate. Hand Hygiene. 24 hour quarantine
Stomatitis (oral mucosa inflammation)
What are the 3 causes?
Aphthous ulcers
Herpes simplex virus
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD)
Stomatitis (oral mucosa inflammation)
Nursing Management
How to relieve pain before meals?
How to prevent spread to other kids?
How to ensure hydration?
Relief of pain: Analgesics and topicals PRIOR to meals to increase intake
Prevention of spread: hand hygiene/clean toys
Ensure hydration: bland/non-carbonated with straw
Intestinal Parasites
What are the possible helminth and protozoa strains?
Helminths (worms): PINWORMS
Protozoa: GIARDIASIS
Intestinal Parasites
Nursing Management
How to determine the parasite type?
And then what information needs to be provided afterward?
Assist with identification of the parasite (tape test)
Assist with education and treatment
Anticipatory guidance (family and preschool)
Intestinal Parasites Pinworms
What med and how is it given?
Important hygiene teaching points?
Treatment: 1-2 does of medication Pin-Rid Antiminth
needs to be repeated at 2 weeks
Hand hygiene: fingernails, shower vs tub bath
Intestinal Parasites Giardiasis-contaminated water:
How can you prevent Giardiasis?
Avoid what?
Prevention: Hand Hygiene, no swimming with diarrhea, change diapers away from swimming,
avoid stagnant water
Bacterial skin infection
How they occur and what types of infection are there?
Increase in community-acquired methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections
Severity varies with skin integrity, immune and cellular defenses
Bacterial skin infections
What are 3 examples of bacterial infections
impetigo contagiosa,
pyoderma,
cellulitis
Viral skin infections infection
examples
Verrucae
Herpes simplex types I and II
Varicella zoster Molluscum contagiosum
Viral skin infections
Nursing Management is based on?
Based on Cause Mostly Comfort-driven
decrease urticaria and pain during procedures
Fungal skin infections
Examples:
Tinea capitis
Tinea corporis
Tinea pedis
Candidiasis (oral, diaper, vaginal)
Scabies Caused by?
scabies mite as female burrows into the epidermis to deposit eggs and feces
Scabies inflammation onset?
Inflammation occurs 30 to 60 days later
Scabies
For infants >2 yrs old Medication teaching?
And how to prevent spread?
Meds Permethrin: Massage scabi-side for all head to toe - leave for 8-14 hours - 2-3 weeks.
Follow complete med course
Hand Hygiene to prevent spread
Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice)
most common symptom?
Scalp itching
Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice)
How to wash clothes?
How to disinfect combs?
How to prevent spread?
- Wash or dry clean all clothes and linens - very hot water and dryer - for 14 days.
Soak combs and brushes in RID/boiling water/dishwasher - vacuum
Don’t share items
No head to head contact
BedBugs
Nursing Management
The 3 steps of tx?
Identification
Treatment
Eradication
Scabies
When handling scabies nurses need to wear?
- wear gloves
Scabies
What meds are used and how long is TX?
2-3 weeks until corneum replaced
- use ointments + topical corticosteroids
Scabies
if a secondary infection, give what meds?
systemic ABX
Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice)
Which ages are most susceptible?
- any age can get it -
Bed bug
manifestations
What are the cutaneous signs?
- erythematous papule
- rash
- wheal
- vesicles
- bullae
- urticaria (hives)
