Growth and Development Patterns Flashcards
Define
Growth
Growth is the increase in size and weight
Growth=quantitative change
Define
Development
Development is a gradual change from less to more complex
Development=qualitative change
Define
Maturation
Maturation is the increase in competence
Define
Differentiation
Differentiation refers to systematic modifications in ability
Directional trends
from head to tail
Cephalocaudal
Directional trends
from midline to periphery
Proximodistal
Directional trends
these trends should appear
bilateral and appear symmetric
Sequential trends
ex include
- ) crawling before walking
2. ) scribbling before learning to write.
Developmental pace
What is it and how does it progress?
Periods of accelerated and decelerated growth
Does not occur in all areas at the same pace
= Once a skill has been achieved, the focus will shift to another area
Sensitive periods
What controls these periods?
Susceptibility is based on a positive or negative influence when interacting with the environment
Developmental Age Patterns: Infancy
Infancy: expected development
Rapid motor, cognitive and social development
Developmental Age Patterns: Early
Toddler: expected development
Toddler: Physical and personality growth
Developmental Age Patterns: Early
Preschool: expected development
Preschool:
- Locomotion,
- Language
- self concept development
Developmental Age Patterns: Middle Childhood
Middle Child: expected development
Middle Child:
- Development of peer relationships
- continued physical growth,
- social and moral development
Developmental Age Patterns: Lade Childhood
Late Childhood: expected development
Late Childhood:
- biologic and personality maturation,
- physical and emotional turmoil
- internalization of morals and values
Biological Growth
Weight: when does it double –> triple –> than quadruple
doubles by 4-7 months,
triples by end of 1st year
quadruples by 2.5 years
Biological Growth
Weight: what is the progression rate thru puberty
Weight gain continues through puberty at a rate of 4-6 pounds per year.
Biological Growth
Lymphoid Tissue: when do the spleen and tonsils = rapid growth?
spleen and tonsils-rapid growth through age 6.
Temperament
Easy
Easy: even tempered, predictable in habits, adapts early to new situations
Temperament
Difficult
Difficult: active, irritable, irregular in habits, adapts slow to new
Temperament
Slow to warm-up
Slow: don’t like change, not very responsive to new situations
Age range
infancy period
1 - 12 months
Age range
toddler
1 - 3 years
Age range
preschool
3 - 6 years
Age range
School-age
6 - 12 years
Age range
adolescent
13 - 18 years
