Diseases #2 Flashcards
Vaccine Administration
Needle size
Injection site
- ) <2
- ) 3mth -12 yrs
- ) 13 yrs +
5/8 in vastus lateralis < 2mths
1 in Deltoid or Vastus: 3 mths-12 years
1 in Vastus or Deltoid 13 yrs +
Vaccine Administration
What are the 6 sections you document on Record?
MM-LENI
(MM-LENI)
- ) Month, day, year
- ) Manufacturer
- ) Lot number
- ) Exp date
- ) Name, Address and Title of Administering nurse
- ) Informed Consent
What form must be given to parents before administration of vaccines?
Vaccine Information Statements (VIS)
How to control the spread of disease to others
- Reduce the risk of cross-transmission of organisms
- Infection control policies
- Hand washing
- Sneeze and cough etiquette
- Hygiene measures in home and school
Prevent Complications
pg. 162, and 170
When the nurse suspects a communicable disease, it is important to assess for?
- ) Recent exposure to infectious agents
- ) Prodromal symptoms
- ) Immunization history
- ) History of having the disease
What are prodromal symptoms
examples include
s/s occurring: early manifestations-clinical syndrome
For example, fever, malaise, headache, and lack of appetite
Provide Comfort
TX for:
- Ear
- Nose
- Throat
Ear: hot packs
Nose: humidifiers, netty pots, saline
Throat symptoms: lozenges, bland, soft food
Provide Comfort
Urticaria tx
Urticaria: light weight clothes, cool bath (no soap) lotions
Provide Comfort
Fever tx and meds
Fever: tyleonl, ibu, tepid bath
Provide Comfort
Pain tx and meds
Pain: Tylenol, Ibu, distraction
Provide Comfort
Irritability tx
Irritability: no new routine, regular rest, distraction
Chickenpox
Clinical S/S
Complications
Mild fever, Centripetal rash
Comp:
Secondary Bacterial Infection
Encephalitis
Chickenpox
Nursing When is there isolation? What is the priority care? What is specifically tx? When are contact precautions set?
Immunization Isolation *lesions Skin Care *Treat Pruitus *if weeping put them on contqcat precautions
Diphtheria
Clinical S/S
Complications
Nasal:
drainage
Malaise, sore throat, fever
: fever, hoarseness
Comp
Toxic cardiomyopathy
Airway obstruction
Toxic neuropathy
Diphtheria
Nursing What type of isolation? What meds? What needs to be monitored? What needs to be ensured to aid recovery?
Immunization
Isolation: Standard/droplet
Antibiotics
Bedrest
*Monitor for Respiratory obstruction —> suction
Fifth Disease
Clinical S/S
When do the signature s/s appear
Describe the skin conditions?
Complications?
Erythema in cheeks (day 1-4) *Slapped Cheeks)
*Lace like rash(day after face rash
Self-limited Arthritis
Anemia
Aplastic Crisis
Fifth Disease
Nursing
Isolation (hospitalized): droplet
Antipyretics/Analgesics
Roseola
Clinical S/S
Complications
High Fever in otherwise well child
*Rash appears after fever-rose pink, blanches with pressure
Comp
Recurrent febrile seizures
Encephalitis
Roseola
Nursing
What meds?
What special precautions are considered?
Immunization:
Standard precautions
Antipyretics —> Treat fever
*Seizure precautions
Mumps
Clinical S/S
The signature s/s?
What worsens with chewing?
Complications?
Fever, *earache that worsens with chewing
*Parotitis
Sensorineural deafness
Comp: Encephalitis Myocarditis Arthritis *Sterility
Mumps
Nursing What type of isolation? What tx is promoted? What diet is used? Meds used?
Immunization
Isolation: droplet
**Increase fluids Bedrest Analgesia Soft food - hot/cold neck compress
Measles
Clinical S/S
The signature s/s?
Complications
Mild fever,
malaise,
cough,
coryza conjunctivitis,
*Koplik spots
Rash on face spreads downward
Compications:
Otitis Media
Pneumonia/
Obstructive Laryngitis
Encephalitis
Measles
Nursing
What type of isolation?
what isolation if hospitalized?
Treatments?
Immunization
Isolation: droplet/contact
Rest / if hospitalized: airborne precaution up to 5 days droplet
Treat fever Eye Care Treat cough, coryza Skin care **cool mist vaporizer** - Tepid bath
Pertussis
Clinical S/S
Signature s/s?
Complications?
(PHH)
URI
“*Whoop” cough at night
Difficulty breathing through secretions
Comp
Pneumonia
Hemorrhage (scleral, conjunctival, pulmonary)
Hernias
Pertussis
Nursing What type of isolation? What tx is promoted? infant position? what screening is done?
Immunization
Isolation: droplet
Oxygenation
*Monitor for Respiratory obstruction
- Position infant on side
- nasopharyngeal culture
Poliomyelitis:
Oral/Fecal
Clinical S/S
Inapparent?
nonparalytic s/s?
paralytic s/s?
Complications
Inapparent: Fever, malaise, anorexia, n/v
Nonparalytic: same as above with neck, back and leg pain
Paralytic: same as above with paralysis
Comp Permanent paralysis Respiratory arrest Hypertension Kidney stones
Poliomyelitis:
Oral/Fecal
Nursing
What type of isolation?
Monitor for what?
Tx used?
Immunization Isolation: contact Monitor Respiratory Status Skin Physical therapy
Rubella
Clinical S/S
Complications
Who is this most dangerous for?
Rash on face, moves downward similar to Roseola
Comp
Rare, Most dangerous for fetus
Rubella
Nursing
Immunization
Isolation
*Reassurance of benign nature
AVOID pregnant women
Scarlet Fever
Clinical S/S
What is the signature s/s?
Complications
High Fever
*Strawberry tongue
Circumoral pallor
Rash in joint folds
Comp
Peritonsillar and pharyngeal abscesses
Acute Glomerulonephritis
Scarlet Fever
Nursing
What meds are used?
What tx is promoted?
What is avoided?
Isolation
Antibiotics —> Penicillin
Analgesics
Push Fluids
Encourage rest
- Avoid irritating foods
