Infectious diseases Flashcards
What is the treatment for PJP pneumonia?
Co-trimoxazole
What is the treatment for toxoplasmosis?
No treatment if immunocompetent
Pyrimethamine and sulphadiazine are management options for immunocompromised patients.
Bacterial vaginosis involves overgrowth of which bug?
Gardnerella vaginalis
With which pneumonia do you see hyponatraemia?
legionella
Which bug causes lymes disease?
Borrelia burgdorferi
What is Pott’s disease?
TB in the vertebrae
How do you diagnose legionella?
Urinary antigen test
Which bug causes a chancroid?
Haemophilus ducreyi
It is painful and patients with a chancroid caused by ducreyi DO CRY
Which antibiotic in pregnancy for UTI and which one when near term?
Nitro
Or cefalexin if near term
What is a chancre Vs a chancroid?
Chancre - primary syphillis, painless ulcer
Chancroid - Haemophilus ducreyi, painful ulcer
What is Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome?
Complication of pelvic inflammatory disease
Liver capsule becomes inflamed causing right upper quadrant pain. This leads to scar tissue formation and peri-hepatic adhesions. It usually occurs in women who have either chlamydia or gonorrhoea.
Which antibiotic for legionella treatment?
Macrolides eg clarithromycin
Constipation and ‘rose spots’ points towards which traveller illness?
Typhoid
What is the treatment for genital warts?
multiple, non-keratinised warts: topical podophyllum
solitary, keratinised warts: cryotherapy
When do you give the tetanus vaccine booster/ immunoglobulin?
Five doses is now considered to provide adequate long-term protection against tetanus (this is completed in the routine vaccination schedule). As long as the last dose was <10 years ago then the patient is covered regardless of wound severity.
If last dose > 10 years ago or vaccination status is unknown- reinforcing dose of vaccine required and immunoglobulin if high risk wound.
Leptospirosis is classicaly spread by rat urine, how does it present?
Fever
flu-like symptoms
subconjunctival haemorrhage
AKI
hepatitis: jaundice, hepatomegaly
aseptic meningitis
How do you investigate and treat leptospirosis?
Ix: Serology, PCR, urine/ csf culture
Mx: Benzylpenicillin or doxycycline
What is the treatment for bloody diarrhoea and fever?
Ciprofloxacin
Most viral or bacterial gastroenteritis do not require treatment.
Clarithromycin is used for traveller’s diarrhoea which is non invasive (no blood or fever)
so eg salmonella - cipro, campylobacter - clari
What is the standard test for diagnosing HIV?
Combination tests (HIV p24 antigen and HIV antibody)
Trimethoprim and co-trimoxazole should not be given to patients on which medication?
Methotrexate
How long is the course of doxy for lyme’s?
21 days
What are the live attenuated vaccines that you shouldn’t give to people that are immunocompromised?
You Musn’t Prescribe BCG Incase They Suddenly RIP
- Yellow fever (NB high levels of egg, so CI in egg allergic. Yellow like a yolk)
- MMR
- Polio
- BCG
- Influenza
- Typhoid
- Shingles
- Rotavirus
What are the TB drug side effects?
Rifam-PEE-cin - orange secretions / pee
IsoNERVEzid - peripheral neuropathy
Pyrazinamide - p for pain - gout
Ethambutol - E for eyes (optic neuritis)
