Infectious diseases

Question 1

treatment for chlamydia ?
When pregnant ?

Answer 1

7 days doxycycline

Pregnancy : Azithromycin , erythromycin or amoxicillin

Question 2

HAP treatment

Answer 2

within 5 days - Co amoxiclav or cefuroxamine

After 5 days - Pip+ Tax

Question 3

UTI treatment
(women , pregnant , men, catheter)

Answer 3

• normal women = 3 days nitrofurantoin + MSSU ( before and after)
  -Men - nitrofurantoin for 7 days
• Women pregnant - Nitrofurantoin for 7 days but avoid near term , 2nd line is amoxicillin or cefalexin
• catheters - if asymptomatic don’t treat

Question 4

signs of Typhoid

Answer 4

SSS
Spots
Splenomegaly
Slow HR

+ fever , abdomen pain , constipation , rose spots

Question 5

Signs of Dengue

Answer 5

PP
Painful joints
Pyrexia

Question 6

BV features and treatment

Answer 6

foul smelling discharge , gardenella vaginalis
pH>4.5
clue cells

Metronidazole

Question 7

Campylobacter jejuni treatment and symptoms

Answer 7

1-6 days
+ bloody diarrhoea , headache , abdomen pain that mimics appendicitis
+ self resolves but you can give clarithromycin

Question 8

Cholera signs and treatment

Answer 8

• rice water diarrhoea , dehydration and hypoglycaemia

+ oral rehydration
+ Doxycycline and ciprofloxacin

Question 9

Signs of Hepatitis B
complications
treatment

Answer 9

+ fever
+jaundice
+Elevated liver enzymes
+ ground glass heaptocyteson microscope

Complications:
+ Hepatocellular carcinoma
+ glomerulonephritis
+ Polyarteritis nodosa

treatment:
Pegylated Interferon Alpha

Question 10

what is the diagnostic test for HIV

Answer 10

HIV1/2 Antibody and antigen immunoassay

Question 11

Klebsiella Pneumonia

Answer 11

associated with alcoholics , immunocompromised
+ red current sputum
+ upper lobes

Question 12

Mycoplasma pneumonia symptoms

Answer 12

• AIHA
  -erythema multiform
  -SJS
  -dry COUGH

do serology for diagnosis
management is doxycycline or erytho/clarithro

Question 13

LegioNella
signs and treatment

Answer 13

hypoNatremia
lymphopenia ( low lymphocytes )
deranged LFTs
- bad air conditioning

treatment is clarithromycin or erythromycin

Question 14

bacterial meningitis treatment

Answer 14

ceftriaxone or cefotaxime and IV dexamethasone to reduce neurological symptoms

prophylaxis is Ciprofloxacin

age >50 = IV Cefotaxime and amoxicillin

Question 15

Hepatitis A symptoms

Answer 15

• flu like
• RUQ pain
• Tender hepatomegaly
• Deranged LFTs

Question 16

viral meningitis CSF and causes

Answer 16

high protein , high WBC, normal glucose
clear CSF
adults - enteroviruses = cosackie B virus

treatment before they know that its a virus
- ceftraixone and acyclovir IV

Question 17

Necrotizing fasciitis

Answer 17

Surgical debridement and IV antibiotics

Question 18

genital herpes
virus
symptoms
treatment
diagnosis

Answer 18

HSV2
+ painful ulcers
+ oral acyclovir

so NAAT test for diagnosis

Question 19

syphilis symptoms

Answer 19

painless ulcers resolves in 3-8 weeks
+ secondary = fever, warts, lymphadenopathy
+tertiary = neurosyphilis
+ argyle - Robertson pupil = constricted pupil that can accommodate but not react to light

treatment : IM benzathine

Question 20

cellulitis treatment

Answer 20

mild-moderate - oral flucloxacilin
Severe ( systemic upset or signs ) - co amoxiclav IV or clindamycin or cefuroxime or ceftriaxone
PREGNANCY - clarithromycin ,erythromycin or doxycycline

Question 21

Gardia lamblia symptoms

Answer 21

watery non bloody diarrhoea and bloating
Risk factors:
foreign travel
swimming/drinking water from a river or lake
male-male sexual contact