Infectious Diseases

Question 1

Tests for TB

Answer 1

Latent - tuberculin skin test - Mantoux test

Active - CXR - upper lobes

Question 2

What is the TB treatment, what is side effects?

Answer 2

Rifampicin - 2 months intensive, 4 months continued
- altered Liver function
Isoniazid - 2 months intensive, 4 months continued
- peripheral neuropathy (inhibits vit B6 absorption)
Pyrazinamide - 2 months intensive
- hepatotoxicity
Ethambutol - 2 months intensive
- colour blindness
- optic neuritis

Question 3

What type of vaccine is BCG and what is it against?

Answer 3

TB

Live attenuated

Question 4

When is BCG vaccine given?

Answer 4

In the UK, to high risk infants
All those who it is given should have a tuberculin skin test prior unless <6 years old
Not given to anyone over 35

Question 5

Antibiotic empirical therapy in meningitis

Answer 5

<3 MONTHS - cefotaxime and amoxicillin
>3 months - cefotaxime

Primary care - IM benzylpenicillin

Also consider giving dexamethasone

Question 6

Causes of meningitis

Answer 6

Viral

<3 months - group B strept
>3 months - neisseria meningitidis

Question 7

Diagnosis of HIV

Answer 7

Combination test - p24 antigen and HIV antibody
At least 4 weeks post exposure, if negative re-test at 12 weeks
If positive should be retested to confirm diagnosis

Question 8

Risk factor for aspillegoma infection

Answer 8

Immunocomprimised

Question 9

Treatment for UTI in non-pregnant woman

Answer 9

3 days

Nitrofurentoin or trimethoprim

Question 10

Treatment for UTI in pregnant woman

Answer 10

7 days
Nitrofurentoin
(Trimethoprim is teratogenic)

Question 11

Treatment of UTI in men

Answer 11

7 days

Nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim

Question 12

Cause and treatment of Lyme disease

Answer 12

Borellia Burgdoferi

Doxycycline if early disease (amoxicillin as alternative)
Ceftriaxone if disseminated disease

Question 13

Management of gonorrhoea

Answer 13

Single dose of IM ceftriaxone

Question 14

Management of bacterial vaginosis

Answer 14

Oral metronidazole 5-7 days

Question 15

What infections are post-splenectomy patients vulnerable to

Answer 15

Pneumococcus and haemophilus

Question 16

Vaccinations post-splenectomy

Answer 16

Should be done 2 weeks before ideally 
Hib 
Meningitid A & C
Annual influenza 
Pneumoccocal every 5 years

Question 17

Hypopigmentated skin patches and loss of sensation over the lesions points towards what?

Answer 17

Leprosy

Question 18

Most common cause of travellers diarrhoea

Answer 18

E. Coli

Question 19

HIV with a CD4 count <200 should get what?

Answer 19

Antibiotic prophylaxis for PCP (co-tramoxizole)

Question 20

Which antibiotic reacts badly with alcohol?

Answer 20

Metanidazole

Question 21

Prophylaxis Abx in animal bite

Answer 21

Co-amoxiclav