Infectious Disease and Public Health Flashcards
ongoing collection analysis and interpretation of health data integrated with timely dissemination with those who need to know
surveillance
relies on existing information reported by laboratories and health care providers
passive surveillance
system in which those responsible for collecting info go into the community to obtain it
active surveillance
hierarchy of cased based reporting
diagnosing provider or lab –> local health department –> state health department –> federal agency (CDC, FDA)
R 0 =
R0= pcd
p is
probability of transmission per contact
c is
contacts per unit time
d is
duration of infectiousness
if R0 is <1
infection will disappear
if R0=1
infection will become endemic
if R0 >1
infection will become epidemic
when you recognize a cluster of unusual presentations you should
report to health department
attack rate
of people exposed that become ill/#of people exposed
why is increased HCV screening now recommended?
increased burden of suffering (opioid epidemic)
better treatment
study commonly used to estimate prevalence
cross-sectional
what must be ensured to screen and treat patients?
test availability
insurance
follow up
treatment availability
addition of extra survival time due to earlier detection of disease
lead time bias
two tiered testing for Lyme
EIA or IFA
if positive –> Western blot
CDC positive Western blot for Lyme
2 of 3 bands on IgM
5 of 10 bands on IgG
early lyme treatment
oral tetracycline
late Lyme treatment
IV cephalosporin
post-Lyme treatment
anti-inflammatory
measure of new and existing cases
prevalence
steady state in defined group of people
endemic
vector for Zika
aedes mosquito
routes of transmission Zika
maternal-fetal
sexual
blood transfusion
causal relationship of zika and microcephaly
infection during prenatal develop is consistent with observed defects
