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Gen Med and Surg - C.U > Infectious disease > Flashcards

Infectious disease Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia

A

co-trimoxazole

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2
Q

Common causes for post operative fever

Day 1-2
Say 3-5
Days 5-7
Day 5+

A

Day 1-2: ‘Wind’ - Pneumonia, aspiration, pulmonary embolism
Day 3-5: ‘Water’ - Urinary tract infection (especially if the patient was catheterised)
Day 5-7: ‘Wound’ - Infection at the surgical site or abscess formation
Day 5+: ‘Walking’ - Deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism
Any time: Drugs, transfusion reactions, sepsis, line contamination.

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3
Q

Risk factors for oral candidiasis

A 
HIV infection 
advanced malignancy 
chemo / radiotherapy 
immunosuppressive therapy 
Antibiotic therapy 
Inhaled corticosteroids 
Diabetes
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4
Q

Systemic antifungal treatment for candidiasis (severe disease)

A

fluconazole

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5
Q

Topical antifungal for candidiasis

A

clotrimazole oropharyngeal / nystatin

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6
Q

Inflammation with a candida infection of the skin, prescribe what?

A

corticosteroid cream

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7
Q

who are at risk of vaginal candidiasis

A

pregnancy
diabetes
hormonal contraceptives immunosuppressed
recently taken antibiotics

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8
Q

first line treatment in systemic candidiasis

A

Echinocandins (caspofungin) or fluconazole are first-line choices

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9
Q

Virus causing measles

A

Paramyxovirus

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10
Q

Presentation of malaria

A 
fever 
malaise 
myalgia 
headache 
NandV 
Anaemia 
Jaundice 
Splenomegaly
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11
Q

Diagnosis of malaria - specific test

A

Blood film

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12
Q

Treatment of malaria

A

Chloroquinine

Doxycycline

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13
Q

the first sign of lyme disease is usually?

A

erythema migrans

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14
Q

general symptoms of lyme disease

A 
fever 
malaise 
headache
muscle aches
joint pain 
lymphadenopathhy
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15
Q

Treatment of lyme disease

A

Doxycycline - 14 to 21 days

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16
Q

Which lobe of the lung does TB usually affect

A

Upper

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17
Q

Name for TB which has spread to the blood

A

Miliary

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18
Q

First area of granulomatous inflammation in TB

A

ghon focus

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19
Q

Risk factors for TB

A 
immunocompromised 
young / old 
socially deprived 
immigrants 
alcoholics 
HIV
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20
Q

Primary TB presentation

A

Normally asymptomatic

May have a mild fever

21
Q

Presentation of progressive TB

A 
Cough 
Fever 
Night sweats 
Haemoptysis 
Weight loss 
Sputum 
Malaise 
Cervical lymphadenopathy
22
Q

Bedside investigations in TB

A

Rapid sputum identification test

Culture sputum

23
Q

4 Medications used to treat TB

A

RIPE

Rifampicin

Isoniazid

Pyrazinamide

Ethambutol

RIPE - 2 months
RI - 4 months

24
Q

SE of Rifampicin

A

Orange urine

hepatitis

25
Q

SE of Isoniazid

A

Peripheral neuropathy
Psychosis
Hepatitis

26
Q

SE of pyrazinamide

A

Gout

27
Q

SE of Ethambutol

A

Optic neuritis

28
Q

What must be done when TB is diagnosed

A

Notifiable disease

Screen contacts

29
Q

90% of causes of glandular fever

A

EBV

30
Q

Classic triad of infectious mononucleosis

A

Sore throat
Anterior and posterior triangle lymphadenopathy
Pyrexia

31
Q

Primary features of syphilis

A

Chancre - painless ulcer on the site of sexual contact

Local non tender lymphadenopathy

32
Q

Secondary features of syphilis

A

Fever
Lymphadenopathy
Rash one trunk, palms and soles
Buccal ulcers

33
Q

Treatment of syphilis

A

IM benzathine penicillin for 10 days or doxy for 14 days

34
Q

How is Mumps virus spread

A

droplets

35
Q

clinical features of Mumps

A

Fever
Malaise
Muscle pain
Parotitis - earache / pain on eating

36
Q

Important to do what when diagnose mumps

A

notifiable disease

37
Q

Causes for HSV recurrence

A

Stress
Fever
Tissue damage
Immunocompromise

38
Q

HSV genital ulcer presentation

A

Macules, papules and ulcers lasting >3 weeks

39
Q

Expectant mothers with HSV infection should be offered?

A

C-section

40
Q

Treatment for HSV

A

Aciclovir

41
Q

Gonorrhoea and Chlamydia bacteria is gram?

A

-ve

42
Q

Presentation of gonorrhoea

A 
Purulent discharge 
Perianal or anal discharge 
Urethritis 
Dysuria 
Homosexual men - pruritus ani and pain
43
Q

Treatment for gonococcal urethritis

A

Cefixime or ceftriaxone - single dose

+ oral azithromycin

44
Q

Treatment for neonatal conjunctivitis

A

Erythromycin

45
Q

Presentation of chlamydia

A

can be asymptomatic
discharge - not usually purulent
urethritis

women - post coital or intermestrual bleeding

46
Q

Treatment of chlamydia

A

Azithromycin one dose

or doxy od for 7 days

47
Q

live vaccines

A 
Live attenuated vaccines
BCG
MMR
oral polio
yellow fever
oral typhoid
48
Q

how does mycoplasma pneumonia present?

A

dry cough
erythema multiforme
chest x-ray shows reticulo-nodular shadowing of the lung (s)

Gen Med and Surg - C.U (16 decks)

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