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Gen Med and Surg - C.U > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction =

A

IgE mediated

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2
Q

Example of type 1

A

Allergic reaction

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3
Q

Type 2 hypersensitivity reaction =

A

Antibody dependent

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4
Q

Example of type 2

A

Myasthenia gravis

Good pastures

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5
Q

Type 3 hypersensitivity reaction =

A

Immune complex

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6
Q

Example of type 3

A

Glomerulonephritis

Vasculitis

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7
Q

Type 4 hypersensitivity reaction =

A

T cell mediated

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8
Q

Example of type 4

A

TB

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9
Q

Type 5 hypersensitivity reaction =

A

Stimulus

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10
Q

How does histamine release cause shock

A

Capillary leak and oedema
Causes vasodilation
Loss of PVR

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11
Q

Symptoms and signs of anaphylaxis

A 
Stridor 
Increased resp effort
Wheeze 
Cyanosis 
Tachycardia 
Skin reaction - rash / itch 
Angioedema
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12
Q

Useful diagnostic test in anaphylaxis

A

triptase

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13
Q

Acute treatment in anaphylaxis

A 
ABCDE
Remove precipitant 
Alert anaesthetics 
Adrenaline IM 0.5mg 
Chlorphenamine 
Hydrocortisone 
IV fluids
Nebs salbutamol for wheeze
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14
Q

Causes of lymphadenopathy

A

Malignancy - lymphoma / leukaemia

Infective - bacterial (TBV) / viral (EBV)

Sarcoid

RA

Amyloidosis

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15
Q

Lymphadenopathy as part of malignancy usually presents as?

A

Slow and painless

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16
Q

Painful lymph nodes associated with?

A

infection

17
Q

Associated symptoms to consider with lymphadenopathy

A 
Splenomegaly 
Fever 
B symptoms 
Rash 
Joint pain
18
Q

Blood tests to investigate lymphadenopathy

A 
FBC
UandE
LFT 
ESR
Clotting 
AB screen 
Monospot test for EBV
Viral serology
19
Q

Imaging in lymphadenopathy

A

CXR - first line

consider US/ CT

20
Q

Other tests for lympadenopathy

A

FNA
Excision biopsy

Consider BM aspirate for haematological malignancies

21
Q

Causes of pruritus

BLINKED

A

BLINKED

Blood disease - iron deficiency anaemia, polycythaemia 
Liver disease 
Infection / immunological 
Neoplasm 
Kidney 
Endocrine - hyper / hypoT, DM
Dermatological and drugs
22
Q

Associated symptoms to look for with pruritis

A 
Rash 
Jaundice 
Anaemia 
Lethargy 
Weight loss
23
Q

Examination in pruritus

A

Full skin exam
Abdo
Lymph exam

24
Q

Tests in pruritus

A

Urine dip

FBC, UandEs, LFTs, TFTs, glucose

25
Q

Sarcoidosis is =

A

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder of unknown aetiology characterised by non-caseating granulomas.

26
Q

Features of sarcoidosis

A 
Rash (lupus like) 
Lympadenopathy 
Swinging pyrexia 
cough and SOB 
hypercalcaemia 
Arthalgia (acutely)

Gen Med and Surg - C.U (16 decks)

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