Infectious Disease

Question 1

Fever of unknown origin

Answer 1

Fever lasting 8 days to 3 weeks when PE, history, and labs fail to find a source

Question 2

Drugs to decrease MC complication of meningitis

Answer 2

Corticosteroids; used to prevent hearing loss

Question 3

Characteristic finding in TB meningitis on brain imaging

Answer 3

Basilar enhancement

Question 4

MCC of sinusitis

Answer 4

S. pneumoniae

H. influenzae

M. catarrhalis

Question 5

EBV pharyngitis findings

Answer 5

Enlarged posterior cervical lymph nodes

Malaise

Hepatosplenomegaly

Question 6

Otitis media with effusion

Answer 6

Fluid in the middle ear space without the symptoms of infection

-Tympanic membrane appears yellow

Question 7

Bacterial parotitis

Answer 7

Unilateral; cause by s. Aureus, s. Pyogenes, or Myocbaterium

RFs: Decreased salivary flow
Stone formation

Question 8

Cause of erysipelas

Answer 8

S. Pyogenes

Question 9

Necrotizing fasciitis

Answer 9

Systemic symptoms and out of proportion to physical findings

⭐️Crepitus on palpation

IV antibiotics and surgical debridement for Tx.

Question 10

Complications of GABHS

Answer 10

Prevented by abs:

Rheumatic fever

Autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders

Not prevented by abs:

PSGN

PS arthritis

Question 11

Rotavirus

Answer 11

Most common infectious cause of gastroenteritis worldwide

Tx: Supportive

Question 12

Norwalk virus

Answer 12

RNA virus spread fecal-orally in enclosed groups

-VOMITING ALSO PRESENT; only 48 hours in duration

Question 13

Family with lizards or turtles may have what comp?

Answer 13

Salmonella diarrhea

• Also thru infected eggs, poultry, milk
• Pts. With sickle cell may develop bacteremia

Question 14

Electrolyte finding in diarrhea

Answer 14

Non-anion gap hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

Question 15

Transplacental HIV transmission

Answer 15

HIV specific DNA-PCR by 4 months

-All infants, even those not infected, can have Transplacental anti-HIV antibodies from mom for the first two years of life

Question 16

Management of infant born to HIV mom

Answer 16

ZDV for 6 weeks

Bactrim until PCR comes back negative

MMR vaccine still ️Recommended

Urine CMV culture to asses for coinfection

Question 17

EBV test in kids under 4

Answer 17

Antibody titers for IgM-VCA

Question 18

Amoxicillin given to kid with pharyngitis who then develops a diffuse Maculopapular rash

Answer 18

EBV reaction

Question 19

MC of mortality with measles

Answer 19

Bacterial pneumonia

-Subacute Sclerosing panencephalitis is a RARE LATE complication

Question 20

Allergic Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Answer 20

Pts. With chronic lung disease or corticosteroid therapy (CF, asthma) develop wheezing, eosinophilia, and pulmonary infiltrates

Question 21

Most common cause of infectious chorioretinitis

Answer 21

Toxoplasma

Question 22

Comps with hookworm infection

Answer 22

Iron deficiency anemia

Question 23

Erlichiosis

Answer 23

Symptoms of fever, myalgia Hepatosplenomegaly, headache, BUT NO RASH ( unlike RMSF)

Tx: Doxycycline if > 8

Question 24

Latent TB

Answer 24

Asymptomatic pt. With a positive PPD

-CXR may show pulmonary granuloma

Tx: INH for 9 months (along with B6)