Infectious Disease 3%

Question 1

Prophylaxis in HIV pts against Cryptococcosis when CD4 < ___

Answer 1

< 50

Fluconazole

Question 2

MC cause of fungal meningitis

Dx:

Tx:

Answer 2

Cryptococus neoformans

Dx: India Ink Stain –> Cryptococal antigen in CSF

Tx: Amphotericin B + Flucytosine x 2 weeks –> Fluconazole x 10 weeks

Question 3

Prophylaxis in HIV pts against Histoplasmosis when CD4 < ___

Answer 3

< 200

Itraconazole

Question 4

Prophylaxis in HIV pts against Pneumocysitis jiroveci when CD4 < ___

Answer 4

< 200

Bactrim

Question 5

Tx of choice for PCP Pneumonia

Answer 5

Bactrim

Question 6

Pigeon/bird droppings

Answer 6

Cryptococcosis

Question 7

Mississippi and Ohio River Valleys

Answer 7

Histoplasmosis

Bird/bat droppings

Question 8

Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis MC in pts ___

Answer 8

asthma, cystic fibrosis

Question 9

Valley fever caused by \_\_\_.
MC Geographical locations:
Sx:
Dx:
Tx:

Answer 9

Coccidioidomycosis

SW US, Mexico, S and central America

Fever, arthralgias, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme

Dx: IgM ab (early), Cx MOST definitive

Tx: Self limited
Fluconazole for CNS disease

Question 10

Tx of pinworm

Answer 10

Albendazole*, Mebendazole

Caused by enterobiasis

Avoid in pregnancy

Question 11

Tx of Tetanus

Answer 11

Metronidazole (or PCN G) + Tetanus Immune Globulin

Prophylaxis: Tdap
Td (vaccine) q 10 years (OR major cut >5 yrs since last booster)
Tetanus immune globulin 250u if NEVER immunized

Question 12

7 Ds of Botulism

Answer 12

Diplopia, Dry mouth, Dysphagia, Dysarthria, Dysphonia, Decreased mm strength, Dilated fixed pupils –> Paralysis

Question 13

Tx of Listeriosis

Answer 13

IV Ampicillin** + gentamicin

3rd trimester infection –> premature, stillbirth

Question 14

Bartonella henselae causes ___

Tx:

Answer 14

Cat scratch disease –> lymphadenopathy**

Tx: self limited
Moderate: Amoxicillin OR Doxycycline

Question 15

Malaria caused by:
Dx:
Tx:

Answer 15

Plasmodium Falciparum = most dangerous

Dx: Giemsa stain peripheral smear (Thin and thick)

Tx: Chloroquine, Atovaquone

Question 16

AIDS = CD4 < ___

Answer 16

200

Question 17

Confirmatory test of HIV:

Screening test of HIV:

Answer 17

Confirm: Western blot
Screening: ELISA

Question 18

Opportunistic infections of HIV when CD4 count
500-200:
<200:
<100:
<50:

Answer 18

500-200: TB, Kaposi Sarcoma, Thrush, Lymphoma, Zoster
<200: Pneumocystis, Histoplasmosis
<100: Toxoplasmosis, Cryptococcus
<50: MAC, CMV retinitis

Question 19

Persistent pyuria and microscopic hematuria associated w/ sterile urine

Answer 19

Renal Tuberculosis

Question 20

Chemoprophylaxis of meningococcal meningitis

Answer 20

Rifampin, cipro, azithromycin, ceftriaxone

Question 21

Confirmatory test for RMSF

Answer 21

Indirect fluorescent antibody

Question 22

Urine showing pyuria without bacteriuria

Answer 22

Chlamydia urethritis

Question 23

Tx of Giardia Lamblia

Answer 23

Metronidazole x 5 days

Question 24

Tx of Rabies

Answer 24

Human rabies immune globulin + Human diploid cell rabies vaccine

Question 25

Tx of Legionnaire’s Disease (Legionella)

Answer 25

Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Levofloxacin

Question 26

Episodic bouts of high fever, chills and sweats w/ periods of relatively asymptomatic

Answer 26

Malaria

Question 27

Tx of Pertussis

Answer 27

Erythromycin (macrolide)