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Step 3- neurology > Infectious disease > Flashcards

Infectious disease Flashcards

1
Q

Borrelia species causes what disease?

A

Lyme disease

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2
Q

Stages of Lyme disease

A
  1. Erythema mirgans, flue like symptoms
  2. Early disseminated disease- Bell’s palsy, migratory arthralgia, cardiac manifestations
    Skin manifestation- lymphadenitis cutis benigna
  3. Late disease: chronic arthritis, progresisve encephalomyelitis
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3
Q

Cardiac complication of Lyme disease

A

AV block

Others- pericarditis, myocarditis, HF, tachy/bradycarrhythmia, syncope

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4
Q

Medical treatment of Lyme disease

A

course= 14-21 days

Doxycycline
Amoxicllin
Cefuroxime

severe- IV ceftriaxone

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5
Q

Geographic distribution of Lyme disease in US

A

Northeast/ upper midwest US

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6
Q

Lyme disease vector

A

Ixodes scapuris tick in NE/ upper midwest US

Ixodes ricinus in Europe

Ixodes pacificus in NW US

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7
Q

Reservoir hosts for ticks in Lyme disease

A

Deer
Cattle

White footed mouse- peromyscus leucopus

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8
Q

Erythema migrans typically occurs when after a tick bite in Lyme disease

A

7-14 days

(resolves in 3-4 weeks)

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9
Q

Empiric treatment of bacterial meningitis in immunocompromised adult >50 years

A

Cover for Listeria and pseudomonas, streptoccoccus and cryptococcus:

  1. 3rd gen cephalosporin- i.e. cefotaxime, cefepime
  2. Vancomycin
  3. Ampicillin
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10
Q

Empiric treatment of bacterial meningitis in adults 18-50

A

Vancomycin + 3rd gen cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, cefotaxime)

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11
Q

Empiric treatment of bacterial meningitis in adults >50

A

Vancomycin + ampicillin (high risk of listeria)+ 3rd gen cephalosporin (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone)

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12
Q

What additional abx is required to treat suspected rickettsial/ ehrilichial meningitis

A

Doxycycline

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13
Q

Causes of bacterial meningitis in children:
- <1 month
- >1 month

A
  • <1 month: group B strep, E.coli, klebs, enterobacter, listeria
  • > 1 month: S. pneumoniae, Neisseria
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14
Q

Empiricial Abx for meningitis in neonates

A

Ampicillin + gentamicin +/- cefotaxime

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15
Q

Empirical Abx for meningitis in infants (>1 month)

A

Vancomycin + ceftriaxone

In Haemphilus/ streptococcal= consider adding dexamethasone

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16
Q

When is PEP and rabies vaccine indicated

A

PEP- bite from wild, high risk animal (raccoons, skunks, bats, foxes)

Vaccine- no prior immunization and has a bite injury

Step 3- neurology (13 decks)

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