Infectious Disease

Question 1

Common infections with chronic steroids

Answer 1

Bacterial infections
PCP
Hep B or C

Question 2

Common infections with azathioprine

Answer 2

Neutropenic infections

Question 3

Common infections with CellCept

Answer 3

Late onset CMV
Bacterial infections

Question 4

Common infections with cyclosporine or tacrolimus

Answer 4

Viral infections
Intracellular pathogens

Question 5

Common infections in plasmapheresis patients

Answer 5

Encapsulated organisms

Question 6

Fungal infection in neutropenic patients or those undergoing CART therapy

Answer 6

Invasive aspergillosis

Question 7

Duration of GN bacteremia who is getting better

Answer 7

7 days

Question 8

Timing of removal from patient care duties in a non-vaccinated healthcare worker exposed to varicella

Answer 8

From 8th day through the 21st day

Question 9

Should you vaccinate a person who was recently exposed to varicella if they were not vaccinated previously

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

Bacteria that causes purpura fulminans after being exposed to dogs (bite or saliva)

Answer 10

Capnocytophaga canimorsus

Question 11

3 mechanisms of pseudomonas antibiotic resistance

Answer 11

1. AmpC beta-lactamases
2. efflux pumps
3. Outer membrane porin alterations

Question 12

3 common enterobacters that can have resistance with AmpC

Answer 12

Enterobacter cloacae
Klebsiella aerogenes
Citrobacter feundii

Question 13

Antibiotic common for UTIs that is not an inducer of AmpC resistance

Answer 13

Bactrim

Question 14

Is culture negative status common in sepsis

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

Infection that causes high iron and pancytopenia with adenopathy in an HIV patient

Answer 15

Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 16

beta lactimase inhibitor that is not effective against AmpC

Answer 16

tazobactam

Question 17

Which is worse in terms of mortality risk, ventilator associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP) or a healthcare associated pneumonia who wound up on the vent due to severity (vHABP)

Answer 17

vHABP

Question 18

Bacterial infection that increases HIV replication by activating kappa-B

Answer 18

M. Tuberculosis

Question 19

Bacteria associated endocarditis and if found on blood culture, warrants workup for endocarditis

Answer 19

S. lugdunensis

Question 19

Lactose fermenting gram negative rods

Answer 19

Enterobacter bacteria (e. cloacae, klebsiella pneumoniae, and E. Coli)

Question 19

Lactose fermenting suggests what resistance

Answer 19

KPC or metallo-beta-lactimases

Question 20

Antibiotics that ARE effective against KPC and metallo-beta-lactimases

Answer 20

avibactam or vaborbactam
Tigecycline and colistin as well but toxic to kidneys

Question 21

Condition that involves the cecum and other parts of the bowel and is due to bowel inflammation in the setting of chemotherapy

Answer 21

Neutropenic enterocolitis (aka, typhlitis)

Question 22

Diagnostic criteria for adult onset still’s disease

Answer 22

Yamaguchi criteria

Major
1. Fever > 39 C
2. Arthralgia > 2 weeks
3. Typical rash (macular on trunk)
4. WBC > 10k

minor
1. sore throat
2. lymphadenopathy and/or splenomegaly
3. Increase in liver enzymes without an obvious cause
4. Negative IgM Rheumatoid Factor and Antinuclear antibodies

Exclusion criteria
1. Infections (sepsis or mono)
2. Malignancy, especially lymphoma
3. Other rheumatic disease (i.e. polyarteritis nodosa and vasculitis)

Question 23

Treatment for malaria

Answer 23

Artesunate

Quinine if not available