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Infectious Flashcards

1
Q

Splinter haemorrhages, Osler’s nodes, Janeway lesions, Roth spots

A

Infective endocarditis

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2
Q

Retinitis in HIV patient

A

CMV

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3
Q

Rose spots

A

Typhoid fever

Salmonella typhi

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4
Q

Acid-fast bacilli, ZN stain

A

TB

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5
Q

Gohn focus

A

TB

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6
Q

Homeless man

A

TB

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7
Q

Strawberry tongue

A

Scarlet fever

Group A streptococcus

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8
Q

Koplik’s spots

A

Measles

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9
Q

Thick and thin films

A

Malaria

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10
Q

IVDU

A

Tricuspid regurgitation secondary to staph aureus IE

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11
Q

Non-caseating granuloma

A

Wegener’s, Sarcoidosis, Crohn’s

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12
Q

Low CD4 count

A

HIV

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13
Q

Purple spots in a HIV patient

A

Kaposi’s sarcoma

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14
Q

Acute and direct convalescent serology four-fold rising titre

A

Influenza

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15
Q

Urinary antigen positive (3)

A

Legionella
Strep. pneumoniae
Mycoplasma

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16
Q

Infections in asplenic patients (3)

A

Encapsulated bacteria

Strep. pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis

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17
Q

Maculopapular rash

A

HIV seroconversion

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18
Q

India ink stain

A

Cryptococcus in HIV

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19
Q

Gram negative obligate intracellular organism

A

Chlamydia

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20
Q

Flask-shaped ulcers, PAS-positive trophozoites

A

Amoebiasis

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21
Q

Calcification in the brain after HIV

A

Toxoplasmosis

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22
Q

Boat-shaped cells

A

PCP

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23
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma of bladder and infected

A

Schistosomiasis

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24
Q

Pseudohyphae

A

Candidiasis

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25
Q

Red papules are evident in the web spaces

A

Scabies

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26
Q

Sewer worker

A

Leptospirosis

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27
Q

Mozzarella pizza on fundoscopy

A

CMV retinitis

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28
Q

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell patient (organism)

A

Salmonella

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29
Q

TB drug side effects

A 
Red-green colour blindness
Peripheral neuropathy
Gout
Red urine and tears
TB drug side effects

Red-green colour blindness - ethambutol

Peripheral neuropathy - isoniazid
Gout - pyrazinamide
Red urine and tears - rifampicin

30
Q

Causes of rigors (4)

A

Cholangitis
Pneumonia
Pyelonephritis
Sepsis

31
Q

Bat bite

32
Q

Diplopia + photophobia + cardiorespiratory failure after camping

33
Q

Brushfire on fundoscopy

A

CMV retinitis

34
Q

Owl’s eyes intranuclear inclusions

35
Q

Bird droppings (2)

A

Chlamydia psitacci

Campylobacter jejuni

36
Q

Lymphogranuloma venerum

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

37
Q

Painless chancre (genital ulcer)

38
Q

IE in community

A

Strep viridans

39
Q

IE in hospital

A

Staph. epidermidis

40
Q

Meningitis-causing organism resistant to cephalosporins

41
Q

Rice water stool

Gm –ve

42
Q

Bloody diarrhoea

Gm –ve

43
Q

Traveller’s diarrhoea

Enterotoxigenic

44
Q

Gm –ve, motile bacilli
Rose spots
Gradual onset

45
Q

Gm +ve
Pseudomembranous colitis
White/yellow plaques
Tx: IV metronidazole/vancomycin

A

C. difficile

46
Q

Self-limiting
Hx of poultry or unpasteurised milk
Gm –ve corkscrew/flagella

A

Campylobacter

47
Q

Plague

Gm –ve anaerobe

48
Q

Flask-shaped ulcers
Bloody diarrhoea
RUQ pain –> liver abscesses

A

Enteroamoeba

49
Q 
Eastern Europe/Russia
Hikers
Foul smelling stools + gas
Cysts and pear shaped trophozoites
Watery diarrhoea
Malabsorption of protein
50
Q

Reheated rice/Chinese takeaway

Sudden vomiting, minimal diarrhoea

51
Q

Malaise, mild fever, headache
Muscular aches and pains
A: birds, B: seals, C: pigs

52
Q 
Retrobulbar headache
Rash, facial flushing
RNA virus
Dengue shock syndrome à haemorrhagic
fever
A

Dengue Fever

53
Q 
Falciparum – worst
Malaise, headache, D&V
Plasmodium ovale/vivax stay in system
(V&O do not go)
Chloroquine (old = quinine)
54
Q

Latent infection

RIPE:

  • Rifampcicin: orange secretions
  • Isoniazid: peripheral neuropathy, drug interactions
  • Pyrazinamid: hepatotoxicity
  • Ethambutol: optic neuritis (red-green colourblindness)
55
Q

HHV: cold sore/genital

56
Q

HHV: varicella zoster (chicken pox/shingles)

57
Q

HHV: EBV, infectious mononucleosis

58
Q

HHV: CMV, immunocomprimised
Fever, pneumonitis, colitis,
hepatitis, retinitis, CNS

59
Q

HHV: Children (rosida)

A

HHV VI/VII

60
Q

HHV: Kaposi’s sarcoma

61
Q

Cutaneous: itchy papules, ulcer with raised edges

Visceral: lymphadenopathy

Mucocutaneous: lips/nose/pharynx

Protazoa

Spread by sandflies

A

Leishmaniasis

62
Q

Parasitic worms spread by freshwater snails

“Swimmer’s itch”

Kayama fever: fever, rash, myalgia, diarrhoea, hepatosplenomegaly

Eventually chronic in myenteric veins

A

Schistosomiasis

63
Q 
Spread by ticks
Rural/woodland areas
Erythema migrans, myalgia, fever,
headache, malaise
Bulls eye appearance
A

Lyme Disease

64
Q

STI –> septic arthritis

A

Neisseria Gonnorhoea

65
Q

Gm –ve
Currant jelly sputum
Staghorn calculi

A

Klebsiella

66
Q

Pneumocystis jiroveci

CD4

A

PCP (symptoms worse than CXR)

67
Q

Itchy papular rash

Skin burrows

68
Q

Sardonic smile

Cut on rusty metal

69
Q

PML
AIDS-defining
Alien hand

70
Q

Ring enhancing features on CT

A

Toxoplasmosis

71
Q

HIV +ve
Dry cough and SOB
Normal CXR

A

Pneumocystis carinii (symptoms worse than CXR)

72
Q

Low Na, forgetful

SOB, muscle cramps

Air conditioning unit –> travel

A

Legionella

B (13 decks)

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