Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

B > Cardio > Flashcards

Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

Pulsatile

Expansile mass

A

AAA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Jerky pulse

A

HOCM (hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy)

MR (mitral regurgitation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aschoff nodules

A

Rheumatic fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Delta waves

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Rib notching

A

Coarctation of the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cannon ‘a’ waves

A

Complete heart block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

S1Q3T3 pattern

The presence of an S wave in lead I, a Q wave in lead III, and an inverted T wave in lead III.

A

Pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Corrigan’s sign

A

Aortic regurgitation (collapsing carotid pulse)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pansystolic murmur radiating to the axilla

A

Mitral regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

De Musset’s sign

A

Aortic regurgitation (Nodding of the head in time with systolic pulse)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Early diastolic murmur heard at the left sternal edge

A

Aortic regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Quincke’s sign

A

Aortic regurgitation (Pulsation of capillary bed in the nail)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Water hammer pulse

A

Aortic regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Roth spots

A

Infective endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Traube’s sign

A

Aortic regurgitation (Femoral pistol shot)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Global saddle ST elevation and PR depression

A

Pericarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Large ‘v’ waves and pansystolic murmur

A

Tricuspid regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Harsh pansystolic murmur over the lower left sternal edge and left parasternal heave

A

Ventricular septal defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Globular heart shape or water bottle heart

A

Pericarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Ejection systolic murmur with fixed splitting of S2

A

Atrial septal defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ejection systolic murmur radiating to the carotids

A

Aortic stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

JVP increase on inspiration / Kussmaul sign

A

Constrictive pericarditis, pericardial effusion or tamponade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Ejection systolic murmur with family history

A

HOCM (hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia OR sotalol and erythromycin can cause..

A

Long QT syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Beck’s triad

A

Tamponade (blood pressure low, elevated JVP, cardiac sounds muffled)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Prominent “x” and “y” descents

A

Constrictive pericarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Young female with palpitations

A

Supraventricular tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Ejection systolic murmur louder on Valsalva manoeuvre

A

HOCM (hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Female with eating disorder with palpitations

A

Torsades (due to hypokalemia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Fever, SOB and chest pain a few weeks post MI

A

Dressler’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Tall R waves in V1/V2, ST depression in V1-3

A

Posterior MI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Elderly man with palpitations, syncope and bradycardia

A

Sick sinus syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Widespread peaked T waves with PR prolongation

A

Hyperkalaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Persistent ST elevation 6 weeks post-MI with deep Q waves

A

Ventricular aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Young male with ruptured mitral valve

A

Myxoid valve disease (MVP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Pallor, mitral insufficiency, haematuria and splenomegaly

A

Infective endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Double shadow right heart border, prominent left atrial appendage and left main bronchus elevation

A

Mitral stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Strep pyogenes, diastolic rumble

A

Mitral stenosis (most common valve affected by rheumatic heart disease)

39
Q

Loud P2

A

Pulmonary hypertension

40
Q

S3 heart sound

A

Volume overload (heart failure, APO)

41
Q

S4 heart sound

A

Pressure overload (hypertension) or normal

42
Q

Anacrotic (slow-rising) pulse

A

Aortic stenosis

43
Q

Pulsus alternans

A

Left ventricular failure

44
Q

Elevated JVP with absent pulsation

A

SVC obstruction

45
Q

Large ‘a’ waves and slow ‘y’ descent on JVP. Patient has ascites

A

Tricuspid stenosis

46
Q

Cause of hypertension in a smoker with PVD

A

Renal artery stenosis

47
Q

Recurrent collapse, delayed presentation

A

Complete heart block

48
Q

Alcoholism + displaced apex beat

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy causing mitral regurgitation

49
Q

Narrow complex tachycardia 150bpm

A

Atrial flutter with 2:1 block

50
Q

Initial investigation for APO

A

ECG (rule out AMI as a cause)

51
Q

Test to diagnose RHD

A

Antistreptolysin O antibody

52
Q

Duroziez’s sign

A

Aortic insufficiency (femoral bruit when occluding the femoral artery distally)

53
Q

Investigation for best prognostic information in CCF

A

TTE

54
Q

Prominent U waves

A

Hypokalaemia

55
Q

Widened QRS complex

A

Hyperkalaemia

56
Q

SVT not corrected by vasovagal maneuvers or adenosine

A

Atrial tachycardia

57
Q

Tapping, non-displaced apex beat

A

Mitral stenosis

58
Q

Treatment of AF >48h

A

Digoxin + warfarin for 1 month then cardioversion

59
Q

DRUG SE: diabetic drug exacerbating heart failure

A

Pioglitazone

60
Q

DRUG: aids diagnosis in regular narrow-complex tachycardia

A

IV adenosine (differentiates SVT from afib with rapid ventricular response)

61
Q

DRUG: treatment/prophylaxis of VT

A

IV amiodarone

62
Q

DRUG: prophylaxis against torsades

A

IV magnesium + ventricular pacing

63
Q

DRUG: treats hypertensive crisis

A

Labetalol

64
Q

DRUG: treats severe symptomatic sinus bradycardia

A

Atropine (inhibits vagal tone of the heart)

65
Q

DRUG SE: pulmonary fibrosi

A

Amiodarone

66
Q

DRUG SE: gum hyperplasia

A

Nifedipine

67
Q

DRUG SE: hypertrichosis

A

Minoxidil

68
Q

DRUG SE: SLE-like syndrome

A

Hydralazine

69
Q

DRUG SE: confusion and tremor in elderly patient

A

Lidocaine

70
Q

DRUG SE: lipid disturbance

A

Beta blocker

71
Q

DRUG SE: first line for HOCM

A

Beta blocker

72
Q

DRUG SE: exercise intolerance

A

Beta blocker

73
Q

DRUG SE: gynaecomastia

A

Spironolactone

74
Q

DRUG SE: GORD

A

Calcium channel blocker

75
Q

DRUG SE: hypo/hyperthyroidism

A

Amiodarone

76
Q

DRUG: highest mortality benefit in acute coronary syndrome

A

Statin

77
Q

DRUG: highest mortality benefit in heart failure (3)

A

ACE inhibitors
Beta blockers
Spironolactone

78
Q

DRUG: first line for angina to prevent symptoms

A

Beta blocker If contraindicated, use centrally acting calcium channel blocker

79
Q

DRUG SE: vivid dreams/hallucinations

A

Atenolol

80
Q

DRUG SE: reverse tick on ECG

A

Digoxin

81
Q

DRUG SE: hyperkalaemia (3)

A

ACE inhibitors
Spironolactone
Digoxin

82
Q

DRUG SE: erectile dysfunction

A

Beta blocker

83
Q

DRUG SE: headache

A

GTN (glyceryl trinitrate)

84
Q

DRUG SE: constipation

A

Calcium channel blocker (e.g. verapamil)

85
Q

DRUG SE: reflex tachycardia

A

Dihydropyridine (peripheral) calcium channel blocker

86
Q

DRUG SE: yellow vision + hyperkalaemia

A

Digoxin

87
Q

DRUG SE: photosensitive rash

A

Amiodarone

88
Q

DRUG: treatment of unstable angina in a patient awaiting coronary stent

A

Abciximab

89
Q

DRUG SE: acute tubular necrosis

A

Statin

Also aminoglycosides and cytotoxic drugs

90
Q

Ejection systolic murmur + menorrhagia

A

Flow murmur

91
Q

Low HDL in a muscular male

A

Dyslipidemia secondary to abuse of anabolic steroids

92
Q

Swollen, uncomfortable legs and distended veins on the abdomen postpartum

A

Iliac vein thrombosis

93
Q

Apple green birefringence with polarised light (myocardium).

A

Amyloidosis

B (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions