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Pedia Blitz > Infectious > Flashcards

Infectious Flashcards

1
Q

Period of communicability of pertussis

A

7 days after exposure to 4 wks after onset of typical paroxysms

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2
Q

Period of communicability of neisseria meningitidis

A

24 hours after initiating effective treatment

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3
Q

Drug of choice for meningococcemia

A

Penicillin G 250 000 - 400 000 U/kg/day IV in 4-6 divided doses for at least 5-7 days

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4
Q

Prophylaxis for N. meningitidis (meningococcemia)

A

Rifampicin (children)

Ceftriaxone 125 mg single dose IM (18 yo)

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5
Q

Rose spots

A 
Salmonella
Maculopapular rashes
Visible on day 7-10 of illness
Lower chest or abdomen
Lasts 2-3 days
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6
Q

Chronic carriers for S. typhi

A

Those who excrete S. typhi for more than 3 months

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7
Q

Require very low inocula to cause illness (as few as 10 organism)

A

Shigella

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8
Q

Predominant strain of cholera

A

01: classic and el tor

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9
Q

Late manifestations of congenital syphilis

A 
Frontal bossing (olympian brow)
Hogoumenakis sign
Saber shins 
Saddle nose
Scaphoid scapula
Hutchinson teeth
Mulberry molars
Rhagades
Clutton joint
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10
Q

Acute systemic febrile rxn w/ exacerbation of lesions of all px w/ acquired or congenital syphilis who are treated with penicillin

A

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction

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11
Q

Fever of leptospirosis

A

Biphasic

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12
Q

Screening for recent or recurrent leptospira infections

A

Macroscopic agglutination test

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13
Q

Most useful screening test

A

Microscopic slide-agglutination test using killed Ags

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14
Q

Period of communicability for measles

A

4 days before and 4 days after onset of rash

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15
Q

When does koplik spots appear

A

Before the prodrome (high grade fever with conjunctivitis and colds)

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16
Q

Timing of appearance of rash in measles

A

Height of fever

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17
Q

SSPE

A

Measles

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18
Q

Period of communicability of rubella

A

7 days before and 7 days after onset of rash

19
Q

Most characteristic sign of rubella

A

Retroauricular, posterior cervical, & postoccipital lymphadenopathy
(24 hrs before the rash, remains for 1 week)

20
Q

Forscheimer spots

A

Rubella

Discrete rose spots on the soft palate

21
Q

Complication of congenital rubella on the heart

A

Structural defect like PDA

22
Q

Blueberry muffin skin lesion

A

Congenital rubella

CMV

23
Q

Period of communicability of mumps

A

I1-2 days before onset of parotid swelling until 5 days after

24
Q

Most frequent complication of mumps

A

Meningoencephalitis

25
Q

Most common type of roseola

A

Type B

26
Q

Nagayama spots

A

Roseola

  • Asians
  • ulcers in uvulopalatoglossal junction
27
Q

Period of communicability of varicella zoster virus

A

1-2 days before onset of rash until 3-7 days after and all the lesions have crusted

28
Q

When is acyclovir given

A

Most effective if given within 24 hours of onset of rash

29
Q

Cause of hand-foot and mouth disease

A

Coxsackievirus A16

30
Q

The rash in this infection is not infectious at presentation

A 
Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B19)
(Rash & arthropathy represent immune mediated, post-infectious phenomenon)
31
Q

Lacy, reticulated appearance of rash esp on the extensors

A

Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B19)

32
Q

Fifth disease

A

Erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B19)

33
Q

Sixth disease

A

Exanthem subitum (roseola/ hhv 6)

34
Q

The most common manifestation of primary HSV infection

A

Herpetic gingivostomatitis

35
Q

Herpetic gingivostomatitis hallmark

A

Skin vesicles and shallow ulcers

36
Q

Herpetic gingivostomatitis most commonly affects

A

6months - 5 yrs

37
Q

Parts of the brain affected by HSV

A

Frontal, temporal, and limbic system

38
Q

Gold standard in diagnosis of HSV

A

Virus culture

39
Q

First human virus to be associated with malignancy

A

EBV

40
Q

Heterophil antibody (paul bunnell antibodies) positive

A

EBV

41
Q

Most feared complication of EBV Infectious Mononucleosis

A

Splenic rupture due to trauma during 2nd week of illness

42
Q

Condition assoc with IM
Symm rash on cheeks
Mult erythematous papules w/c may coalesce into plaques

A

Gianotti-crosti syndrome

43
Q

Most common congenital infection which causes the syndrome of cytomegalic inclusion disease

A

Cytomegalovirus

44
Q

Pathognomonic of CMV infection

A

Strikingly enlarged epithelial or mesenchymal cells with large intranuclear inclusions

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