Infections Flashcards
Empiric UTI treatment
3 days of TMP/SMX
5 days of Nitrofurantoin 100 mg po bid
1 time dose of 3 grams Fosfomycin
Recurrent UTI definition
___ in 6 months
___ in 12 months
2 in 6
3 in 12
Multiple infections caused by the same bacteria (bacterial persistence) is often due to ____
GU tract issue - BPH, stones, UI
Cystoscopy and upper tract imaging should not be routinely obtained in the ___ patient with r UTI
index pt = young healthy female
Imaging for rUTI - ____
U/S or CT for stones
Surgery to reduce rUTI - ____
stone surgery (50-80% effective)
Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria in 2 patients only - ___ & ____
pregnant
pre-op endoscopic procedure
Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce rUTI are effective during the course of antibiotics; ____ than placebo once stopped
no different
Proanthocyanins in ____ prevent adhesion of bacteria to urothelium
cranberry
Estrogen for rUTI
Clinicians should recommend vaginal estrogen to peri-and post- menopausal women with rUTI
Patients on systemic estrogen should still be placed on vaginal estrogen
Repeat urine culture if UTI symptoms persist on treatment beyond ____ days
7
Treatment of nephrogenic adenoma
complete surgical resection
Pyelonephritis workup
Urine & blood cultures
CBC, BUN, Creatinine
Imaging: CT scan
Empiric pyelonephritis treatment
Ciprofloxacin 500 bid or 1000 mg ER for 7 days
TMP/SMX DS bid for 14 days
Treatment for renal abscess <5 cm
IV antibiotics
Treatment for renal abscess >5 cm
Percutaneous IR drainage
Treatment for perinephric abscess <3 cm
IV antibiotics
Treatment for perinephric abscess >3 cm
IR drainage
Dx of air in collecting system
emphysematous pyelitis
Treatment of emphysematous pyelitis
PCN or stent
Dx of air in renal parenchyma
emphysematous pyelonephritis
Treatment of emphysematous pyelonephritis
IR drainage or emergent nephrectomy
Dx with infected, unilateral enlarged kidney, poor function and stone
xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP)
XGP treatment
IV antibiotics –> nephrectomy
In 20-40% of pregnant women, bacteruria can progress to _____
pyelonephritis
Antibiotics safe for UTI in pregnancy
Amoxicillin, Keflex, Ceftriaxone
1 antibiotic to avoid during pregnancy
Bactrim
Treatment of febrile UTI after transrectal procedure
Carbapenem, Amikacin
Treatment of febrile UTI after transrectal procedure
Carbapenem, Amikacin
Next step in men with prostatitis not responsive to antibiotic therapy
CT/MRI looking for abscess
Wait ____ after febrile UTI in men to collect screening PSA
6 months
Suspect ____ in men with recurrent UTI
chronic bacterial prostatis
Treatment for chronic bacterial prostatis
- Ciprofloxacin x4 weeks
2. Bactrim x6-12 weeks
Treatment for Asymptomatic candiduria
None, change catheter
Candida glabarata is commonly resistant to ___
Fluconazole
Indications for treating asymptomatic funguria
Neutropenic patients
Infants with low birth weight
Patients with renal allografts
Patients who are to undergo GU tract procedure
Peri-op treatment for Asymptomatic candiduria
Fluconazole 400mg daily
Treatment for symptomatic fungal UTI
Fluconazole 200mg x2 weeks
____ antimicrobial prophylaxis is appropriate in the majority of uncomplicated urologic cases.

Single dose
Parenteral antimicrobial prophylaxis agents should be administered within ___ of an incision
1 hour
____ prophylaxis is not recommended for routine cystoscopy or for urodynamic studies in healthy adults
Antibiotic
Antimicrobial prophylaxis solely for the prevention of infectious endocarditis is ___ for genitourinary procedures
NOT required
Antimicrobial prophylaxis for the prevention of prosthetic hip or knee prostheses is recommended within ___ years of prosthetic joint placement
2
Single-dose antifungal prophylaxis is recommended for patients with _____ undergoing endoscopic, robotic, or open surgery on the urinary tract.
asymptomatic funguria
