Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK 2 > Infection - Skin and Soft Tissue Infection > Flashcards

Infection - Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Flashcards

1
Q

which of these viruses cause warts

a.human papilloma
b.herpes simplex
c.varicella zoster
d.enteroviruses
e.measles

A

a.human papilloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how does a rash from viral infection with herpes simplex present

a.papilloma
b.macules
c.papules
d.vesicles
e.ulceration

A

d.vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how does a rash from viral infection with varicella zoster present

a.papilloma
b.macules
c.papules
d.vesicles
e.ulceration

A

d.vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how does a rash from viral infection with enterovirus present

a.papilloma
b.maculopapular
c.papules
d.vesicles
e.ulceration

A

b.maculopapular
d.vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which of these viruses can cause a vesicles and a maculopapular rash

a.herpes simplex
b.varicella zoster
c.human papilloma
d.enterovirus
e.measles

A

d.enterovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

measles, rubella and parvovirus b19 present with which type of rash

a.papilloma
b.maculopapular
c.papules
d.vesicles
e.ulceration

A

b.maculopapular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

layers of skin and associated infections

A

epidermis - impetigo bacterial infection of inflam of skin

hair structures - staphylococcus on skin, particularly follicles folliculitis - acne type spots - congeal into multiple follicles boils and inflammation

dermal infection - erysipelas - group a strep, blockage of lymphatic drainage in that area of skin , conc of infection in small and well demarcated area, sharp line between inflammation and non inflammation , most common on face

subcutaneous - cellulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which of these skin infections affects the epidermis and is a bacterial infection of an inflamed area of skin

a.impetigo
b.folliculitis
c.erysipelas
d.cellulitis

A

a.impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

in which of these skin conditions is there acne type spots that form boils spreading to multiple hair follicles accopanied by inflammation (usually caused by staph aureus)

a.impetigo
b.folliculitis
c.erysipelas
d.cellulitis

A

b.folliculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which organism is folliculitis usually caused by

a.staph aureus
b.group a strep
c.group b strep
d. staph epidermis

A

a.staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which of these conditions occurs at the dermis and involves blockage of lymphatic drainage to an area of skin leading to infection being in a small and well demarcated area. most commonly on the face with a sharp line between inflammation and non inflammation

a.impetigo
b.folliculitis
c.erysipelas
d.cellulitis

A

c.erysipelas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what bacteria causes erysipelas

a.staph aureus
b.group a strep
c.group b strep
d. staph epidermis

A

b.group a strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

which layer of skin is affected by cellulitis

a.epidermis
b.hair cells
c.dermis
d.subcutaneous

A

d.subcutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2 organisms that cause cellulitis

A

group a strep -strep pyogenes
staph aureus

both GRAM POSITIVE COCCI

others = pseudomonas, proteus etc usually because of another underlying problem eg diabetic ulcers / surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

staph aureus is ..

A

gram positive cocci clumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

group a strep is..

A

gram positive cocci chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

in group a strep and staph aureus what causes the clinical infection and tissue damage

A

toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

group a strep has which toxins

A

m proteins
hylauronidase
pyrogenic exotoxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is given in skin or soft tissue infection to cover group a strep pyogenes and staph aureus

a.coamoxiclav
b.ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin
c.benzylpenicillin and flucloxacillin
d.gentamicin and lincosamide
e.dexamethosone and amoxicillin

A

c.benzylpenicillin and flucloxacillin

combine both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

which bacteria is usually responsible for necrotising fasciitis

a.staph aureus
b.group a strep
c.group b strep
d. staph epidermis
e.clostridia

A

b.group a strep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

life threatening skin and soft tissue infections

A

necrotising fasciitis
fournies gangrene
gas gangrene
toxic shock syndrome

tends to be extensive destruction of soft tissue
rapid spread of infection in deep soft tissues - subcutaneous and below

necrotising fasciitis - spread along fascial planes over muscles rapidly

organisms causing them generate toxins that cause hypotension, sickness , hylauronidase- melts connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which of these life threatening skin infections has a polymicrobial cause

a, necrotising fasciitis
b. fournies gangrene
c. gas gangrene
d, toxic shock syndrome

A

b. fournies gangrene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what should be done in suspected necrotising fasciitis

a. antibiotics - benzylpenicillin and flucloxacillin

b.surgical debridement in 3 months

c.emergency surgical debridement

d. wound dressing and care

e.IV gentamicin and corticosteroids

A

c.emergency surgical debridement

surgical emergency

24
Q

what causes gas gangrene

a.staph aureus
b.group a strep
c.group b strep
d. staph epidermis
e.clostridia

A

e.clostridia

25
Q

what bacteria causes toxic shock syndrome

a.staph aureus
b.group a strep
c.group b strep
d. staph epidermis
e.clostridia

A

a.staph aureus

26
Q

red flags for life threatening soft tissue infection

A

speed of onset and trauma
trauma
diabetes

sick shocked patient

pain beyond the expected

damage beyond the redness

crepitus and gas on imaging

27
Q

management of life threatening infection

A

surgical emergency
hyperbaric
multiple antibiotics

28
Q

which antibiotic is given to inhibit toxins in life threatening skin infection

a.coamoxiclav
b.clindamycin
c.benzylpenicillin and flucloxacillin
d.gentamicin and lincosamide
e.dexamethosone and amoxicillin

A

b.clindamycin

29
Q

what is given all together for life threatening soft tissue conditions

A

benzylpenicillin and flucloxacillin
ciprofloxacin
clindamycin - inhibit toxin production

30
Q

which antibiotic is used for gram negative in skin and soft tissue infection

a.benzylpenicillin
b.fliucloxacillin
c.ciprofloxacin
d.clindamycin

A

c.ciprofloxacin

31
Q

which of these organisms has a waxy cell wall that retains stains after washing with alcohol and acid

a.staph aereus
b.strep a
c.mycobacterium leprae
d.strep b
e.staph epidermis

A

c.mycobacterium leprae

32
Q

which of these is a rapid spreading severe soft tissue infection which is associated with the perineum

a, necrotising fasciitis
b. fournies gangrene
c. gas gangrene
d, toxic shock syndrome

A

b. fournies gangrene

associated with preexisting illness - diabetes, obesity, previous surgery

33
Q

which condition is found often in people with preexisting illness eg. diabetes, obesity, and previous surgery

a, necrotising fasciitis
b. fournies gangrene
c. gas gangrene
d, toxic shock syndrome

A

b. fournies gangrene

34
Q

what causes gas gangrene

A

gas forming organisms in the soft tissue

classically caused by c.diff

35
Q

which of these is caused by c.diff which is often found in soil so is often the cause of infection in lower limb gunshot wounds and agricultural injuries

a, necrotising fasciitis
b. fournies gangrene
c. gas gangrene
d, toxic shock syndrome

A

c. gas gangrene

feel a crepitus bully feeling under the skin

36
Q

alert signs of a life threatening soft tissue infection

A

quick onset
rapid deterioration
precipitating factors - injury, diabetes, obesity
inflammation and tenderness- visible infection
sickness

37
Q

what is the first line treatment in life threatening skin and soft tissue infection

A

SURGERY
then antibiotics - start with lots of wide spectrum if recovery then narrow ir down

38
Q

which of these bacteria is gram stain NOT used for as they have a very waxy lipid rich cell wall

a.staph aereus
b.strep a
c.mycobacteria
d.strep b
e.staph epidermis

A

c.mycobacteria

stained with oromin - fluorescent stain

washed with alcohol and acid

39
Q

AFB

A

acid and alcohol mast bacilli
\eg mycobacteria
eg mycobacteria TB

40
Q

what causes leprosy

a.staph aereus
b.strep a
c.mycobacterium leprae
d.strep b
e.staph epidermis

A

c.mycobacterium leprae

41
Q

which type of leprosy is well demarcated and tends to be a intense inflammatory reaction

a. tuberculoid leprosy
b.lepromatous leprosy

A

a. tuberculoid leprosy

less serious as there is good cell mediated immunity raised against it

in lepromatous leprosy you get very little

42
Q

in which type of leprosy is there destruction of the tissues particularly in the extremities eg fingers, toes and tip of nose

a.tuberculoid
c.lepromatous

A

c.lepromatous

43
Q

how is diagnosis of dermatophyte infection made

A

clinically

mildy inflamed skin, daily eruption, well demarcated
most commonly on feet- athletes foot
itchy rash between the toes - throw away shoes and wash socks

44
Q

what happens to dermatophytes under uv light when they are infected

a.fluoresce
b.do not flouresce

A

a.fluoresce

45
Q

what is the first line treatment for dermatophyte infection eg. athletes foot

a.benzylpenicillin and flucloxacillin

b. debridement emergency surgery

c.terbinafine

d.co amoxiclav

e.dexamethasone topically

A

c.terbinafine

anti fungal cream

46
Q

how does mycetoma- fungal infection in the deeper tissues (much more severe)- differ to life threatening bacterial infection

A

more chronic insidious process

associated with mycetoma organisms getting into feet directly through skin eg barefoot farmer in low resource countries

47
Q

which of these is a ectoparasite that burrows under the skin causing an intense itchy reaction particularly in finger and toe webs

a.staph aereus
b.strep a
c.mycobacterium leprae
d.sarcoptes skyvia
e.staph epidermis

A

d.sarcoptes skyvia

can see small red burrow lines in finger webs

SCABIES

tends to occur in those institutionalised eg hospitals or care homes

48
Q

what is a severe case of scabies with crusty infection and lots of sarcoptes scabies mites known as

a.hungarian scabies
b.norwegian scabies
c.finnish scabies

A

b.norwegian scabies

49
Q

what is given for servere scabies infection

a.benzylpenicillin and flucloxacillin

b. debridement emergency surgery

c.terbinafine

d.co amoxiclav

e.ivermectin

A

e.ivermectin

50
Q

which of these antibiotics are more likely to cause c.diff of the gut

a.clindamycin, ciprofloxacin

b.clindamycin, ceftriaxone

c.clindamycin, penicillin

A

a.clindamycin, ciprofloxacin

51
Q

which of these antibiotics is a mutagen so causes resistant bacteria to develop and causes cardiac arrhythmias and connective tissue damage

a.clindamycin

b, ceftriaxone

c. penicillin

d. ciprofloxacin

A

d. ciprofloxacin

try to avoid where possible

colitis caused by c diff- pseudomembranous colitis

52
Q

what type of antibiotic is ciprofloxacin

a.macrolide
b.b lactam
c.penicillin
d.quinolone

A

d.quinolone

inhibits bacterial Dan synthesis
inhibits super coiling of DNA

53
Q

an important feature of ciprofloxacin is that to has activity against

a.pseudomonas
b.staph aureus
c.staph epidermis
d.c diff

A

a.pseudomonas

a main use of ciprofloxacin

often used in combination as doesn’t cover many gram positive

54
Q

how does clindamycin work

a.inhibit making of peptidoglycan cell wall

b.inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis

v.inhibiti bacterial RNA synthesis

d.inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

A

d.inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

bind to 50th subunit

55
Q

clindamycin is good against -

a.gram positives
b.gram negatives

A

a.gram positives

good in combo with ciprofloxacin

MSK 2 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions