Infection prevention and control

Question 1

SBAR:

Answer 1

Situation
Background
Assessment
Recommendation

Used to organize thoughts and data to provide a thorough explanation of the pt’s current status

Question 2

A nurse is caring for a patient who needs a protective environment. The nurse has provided the care needed and is now leaving the room. In which order will the nurse remove the personal
protective equipment, beginning with the first step?

Answer 2

3. Remove gloves.
4. Remove eyewear/face shield and goggles.
5. Untie gown, allow gown to fall from shoulders, and do not touch outside of gown; dispose of properly.
6. Remove mask by strings; do not touch outside of mask.
7. Perform hand hygiene, leave room, and close door.
8. Dispose of all contaminated supplies and equipment in designated receptacles.

Question 3

Infection chain beginning with first step?

Answer 3

2. An infectious agent or pathogen
3. A reservoir or source for pathogen growth
4. A portal of exit from the reservoir
5. A mode of transmission
6. A portal of entry to a host
7. A susceptible host

Question 4

Protective environment actions nurse will take: (5)

Answer 4

• Place in special room with positive airflow
• Maintain airflow rate greater than 12 air exchanges/hr.
• Open drapes during the daytime.
• Listen to the patient’s interests.
• Flowers not allowed in rooms

Question 5

Airborne precautions: (5)

Answer 5

• Private room
• Negative-pressure airflow
• N95 respirator, gown, gloves, eyewear
• Communication signs for airborne precautions
• Pts in airborne precautions wear a mask during transport to other departments

Question 6

When to check working order of a negative-pressure room:

Answer 6

• Before admitting pt to room
• Each shift pt is in room
• If and when device alarms

Question 7

Course of infection by stage:

Answer 7

1. incubation- entrance of pathogen and 1st sxs
2. prodromal- onset of nonspecific sxs, can spread
3. illness- sxs specific to infection
4. convalescence- sxs disappear