Infection in the Immunocompromised Host

Question 1

Give some examples of innate defences

Answer 1

skin, interferons, complement, mucous membranes, normal gut flora

Question 2

What are the two ways to classify immunodeficiencies?

Answer 2

congenital/primary or acquired/secondary

Question 3

What is the second line of defence?

Answer 3

neutrophils

Question 4

Name 2 qualitative defects of neutrophils

Answer 4

chemotaxis, killing power

Question 5

What disease is associated with a deficiency in NADPH oxidase?

Answer 5

chronic granulomatous disease

Question 6

What infection are people with chronic granulomatous disease at high risk of?

Answer 6

staph aureus

Question 7

What can cause quantitative defects of neutrophils?

Answer 7

cancer treatment, bone marrow malignancy, aplastic anaemia

Question 8

What is the term given to patients with a lack of neutrophils?

Answer 8

neutropenic

Question 9

What is the most common drug to cause T cell deficiency?

Answer 9

ciclosporin (given after transplantation) or steroids

Question 10

What is the treatment given for hypogammaglobulinaemias?

Answer 10

immunoglobulins

Question 11

What is the function of biologics?

Answer 11

inhibit inflammatory cytokine signals