Infection & Immunity (inc antibiotics)

Question 1

Cause hand-foot and mouth or herpangina

Answer 1

Coksackie A Virus

Question 2

Antibiotics for meningococcal meningitis children in hospital?

Answer 2

Ceftriaxone if > 3 months

Cefotaxime + amoxicillin if < 3 months

Question 3

Antibiotics for low severity CAP?

Answer 3

Amoxicillin (5 days)

Question 4

Antibiotics for moderate-severity CAP?

Answer 4

1. Consider 7-10 days

2. Dual therapy amoxicillin + macrolide

Question 5

Antibiotics for high -severity CAP?

Answer 5

Dual antiobiotic therapy with beta-lactamase stable beta-lactam and macrolide.
eg co-amoxiclav + clarithromycin

Question 6

Inital fluid resuscitation?

Answer 6

Crystalloid (Hartmanns, saline, etc)

500 ml bolus over 15 mins

Question 7

Antibiotics for neutropenic sepsis?

Answer 7

Tazocin

Question 8

Dose of adrenaline by age?

Answer 8

< 6 yrs = 150mg
6-12 yrs = 300mg
> 12 yrs = 500mg

Question 9

Chronic bronchitis exacerbation abx?

Answer 9

Amoxicillin

Question 10

Hospital-acquired pneumonia abx?

Answer 10

<5 days admission:
Co-amoxiclav/cefuroxime
>5 days admission
Piperacillin with tazobactam

Question 11

Acute pyelonephritis abx?

Answer 11

Br-spec cephalosporin

or quinolone

Question 12

Acute prostatitis abx?

Answer 12

Quinolone (cipro or ofloxacin)

Trimethoprim

Question 13

Impetigo abx?

Answer 13

Top fusidic acid

Widespread = flucloxacillin or erythromycin

Question 14

Cellulitis abx?

Answer 14

Flucloxacillin

Clarithromycin

Question 15

Animal/human bite abx?

Answer 15

Co-amoxiclav

doxycycline + metronidazole

Question 16

Mastitis abx (during breastfeeding)?

Answer 16

Flucloxacillin

Question 17

Sinusitis abx?

Answer 17

Amoxicillin

Doxycycline

Question 18

Otitis media abx?

Answer 18

Amoxicillin

erythromycin

Question 19

Otitis externa abx?

Answer 19

If localized otitis externa, and serious enough = flucloxacillin

If diffuse acute otitis externa consider topical gentamicin + top steroid
Or acetic acid spray if mild

Question 20

Gonorrhoea abx?

Answer 20

Single dose of IM ceftriaxone + PO azithromycin

Question 21

Chlamydia abx?

Answer 21

Doxycycline
or
Azithromycin

Question 22

PID abx?

Answer 22

doxycycline + metronidazole
OR
ofloxacin + metronidazole

Question 23

Syphilis abx?

Answer 23

Benzathine benpen
OR
Doxycycline
or erythromycin

Question 24

Bacterial vaginosis abx?

Answer 24

Oral/top metronidazole
or
Top clindamycin

Question 25

Clostridium difficile abx?

Answer 25

Metronidazole | vancomycin if severe or 2nd episode

Question 26

Campylobacter abx?

Answer 26

Normally self limiting | Clarithromycin

Question 27

Salmonella abx?

Answer 27

Only treat invasive or severe infection | Ciprofloxacin

Question 28

Shigellosis abx?

Answer 28

Not indicated for mild cases | Ciprofloxacin

Question 29

Endocarditis initial blind therapy?

Answer 29

Amoxicillin | Consider adding low dose gentamicin

Question 30

Staphylococci native valve endocarditis abx?

Answer 30

Flucloxacillin

Question 31

Staphylococci prosthetic valve endocarditis abx?

Answer 31

Flucloxacillin + rifampicin + low dose gentamicin

Question 32

Endocarditis by fully senstitive strep abx?

Answer 32

Benzylpenicillin

Question 33

What are HACEK microorganisms?

Answer 33

``` Haemophilus Actinobacillus Cardiobacterium Eikenella Kingella ```

Question 34

Abx for HACEK endocarditis?

Answer 34

Amoxicillin + low dose gentamicin

Question 35

Typhoid fever abx?

Answer 35

Cefotaxime

Question 36

Peritonitis abx?

Answer 36

Cephalosporin + metronidazole

Question 37

Asymptomatic patients in contact with infectious syphilis abx?

Answer 37

Doxycycline

Question 38

Septic arthritis abx?

Answer 38

Flucloxacillin

Question 39

Purulent conjunctivitis abx?

Answer 39

Topical chloramphenicol

Question 40

Gingivitis abx?

Answer 40

Only if acute necrotising ulcerative | Metronidazole

Question 41

Giardiasis abx?

Answer 41

Metronidazole

Question 42

CURB-65?

Answer 42

``` Confusion Urea (BUN > 19mg/dL) Respiratory rate > 30 BP < 90/60 Age > 65 One point for each ```