Infection Control Flashcards
An animal or plant that nourishes another organism is termed a:
Host
An infection that results from an intervention or treatment by a physician is classified as:
Iatrogenic
Strep throat is caused by a:
Bacteria
Which infection-causing agent can only reproduce within a living cell?
Virus
Which type of infection is increasing in immunocompromised patients?
Mycotic
Which infectious agent causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
HIV
T/F: Health care workers are at an increased risk to contract HIV through occupational exposure as compared to workers outside of health care.
False
Which type of hepatitis virus is of primary concern to health care workers?
Hep B
Which type of hepatitis virus is usually transmitted via feces-contaminated food or water?
Hep A
Blood-borne pathogens of concern to health care workers are:
HIV and Hep B and C
The most common occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens is:
Needle-stick injury
Health care workers can protect themselves from exposure to airborne pathogens by:
Wearing special filter masks
Which of the following pathogens is classified as airborne?
Tuberculosis
In terms of the cycle of infection, any environment in which a pathogen can flourish is termed a:
Reservoir
What population is at the greatest risk as a susceptible host?
Immunocompromised patients
An inanimate object that has been contaminated by an infectious agent is called a:
Fomite
Which of the following might be an exit portal for tuberculosis?
Cough or sneeze
Which of the following is the mode of transmission for E. coli bacteria?
Contact
The practice of separating infectious patients from others and carefully controlling items that come in contact with these patients is called:
Transmission-based precautions
Before entering the room of a patient who is under protective precautions, the first step is to:
Perform hand hygiene
A patient who is under airborne precautions is transported to the radiology department. Which of the following statements applies?
The patient must wear a mask
A system of protective guidelines used to protect against disease transmission defines:
Standard Precautions
According to Standard Precautions, personal barriers can be worn to protect the:
(1) skin
(2) eyes
(3) respiratory system
1, 2 and 3
When performing a mobile chest x-ray on a patient under contact precautions, which of the following statements would apply?
The IR should be covered with a fluid-resistant barrier.
Which type of transmission-based precautions would be used on a patient with influenza?
Droplet
You have an order to obtain a chest and KUB on a patient diagnosed with MRSA. Due to the patient’s weakened and contagious condition, the order is changed from routine to mobile. What type of transmission-based precautions would you expect when you arrive at the patient’s room?
Contact
While performing mobile radiography on a patient with MRSA, which of the following should you wear?
(1) gown
(2) gloves
(3) filter mask
1 and 2
What type of precautions would be used when working with a patient with bronchogenic carcinoma?
Cancers do not require transmission-based precautions.
The process of decreasing the number of infectious agents present in an environment defines:
Medical asepsis
Destruction of pathogens by chemical means is termed:
Disinfecting
How often should the x-ray table be cleaned?
After every procedure
Which of the following is considered the most effective procedure in medical asepsis?
Hand hygiene
How often should countertops and other work areas be cleaned?
Twice a day
The recommended duration for lathering hands during hand hygiene is:
10-15 seconds
Which of the following would apply when disposing of linens that are visibly soiled with blood?
(1) Pour blood-contaminated areas with 1:10 bleach solution.
(2) Wear gloves to handle linens.
(3) Dispose of linens in biohazard container
2 and 3
Which of the following disinfectants is recommended to prevent the spread of HIV?
1:10 solution of bleach and water
Which of the following is the proper method to disinfect an x-ray table after a procedure?
Disinfect from the least contaminated area to the most contaminated area.
T/F: Alcohol-based hand rubs are more effective for killing microbes than soap and water hand washing.
True
The complete removal of all pathogens and spores from equipment used for invasive procedures defines:
Surgical asepsis
What device is commonly used to provide moist heat, or steam, sterilization?
Autoclave
What are the two types of sterility indicators?
Chemical and biological
Which of the following is a true statement about dry heat sterilization?
Requires more time and higher temperatures
Which method is suitable for sterilizing electrical, plastic, and rubber items?
Gas plasma
Which sterilization method is the least effective and reliable?
Chemical
Which of the following describes the proper method to cleanse the skin for an invasive radiographic procedure?
In a circular motion from the inside to the outside
What is the first step in removing a sterile dressing?
Performing hand hygiene
In the open-technique of self-gloving, how is the first glove picked up?
By the folded cuff
Which of the following would contaminate a sterile field?
(1) liquid soaking the sterile drape
(2) leaving a sterile field unattended
(3) reaching across a sterile field
1, 2 and 3
An order is received for a barium swallow procedure on a patient in contact isolation. Which of the following should the transporter wear during the transfer from the patient room to the radiology department?
gloves and gown
Which of the following is required for a patient in airborne isolation while in the radiology department?
Filter masks
Which of the following would be the duty of the “clean” radiographer during a procedure on a patient in isolation?
Setting technique on the control panel
Which of the following would be the duty of the patient care technologist when performing an imaging procedure on a patient in isolation?
1. Setting technique on control panel
2. Positioning the patient
3. Aligning the x-ray tube and IR
2 and 3
What is the purpose of designating a team approach to imaging isolation patients in the radiology department?
To minimize contamination
When disposing of contaminated linens, the edges:
should be folded toward the middle to contain contaminants.
After transferring an isolation patient back to to his or her room, the x-ray room must be:
cleaned and disinfected following proper procedures.
Nosocomial infections are acquired in:
Hospitals
_______ produce endospores that germinate in the correct environment and cause infections such as food poisoning
Bacteria
Inanimate objects, such as radiograpahic equipment, that become contaminated by a pathogen are called:
Fomites
Sterile technique requires which of the following?
1. surgical hand antisepsis
2. a surgical head covering
3. attire laundered by a health care accredited laundry facility
1, 2 and 3
How much time, on average, do health care providers spend washing their hands, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention?
less than half of what they should
What should a radiologic technologist wear for protection against airborne pathogens?
a mask and a face shield or safety goggles
When cleaning a room at the end of a procedure, radiologic technologists should:
1. clean objects and surfaces that frequently touch a patient’s bare skin
2. clean image receptors and the examination table
3. use friction and a fluid
1, 2 and 3
How should a lead apron be cleaned?
1. with a soft-bristle brush
2. using a diluted bleach solution
3. hang aprons to dry individually; do not stack them
1 and 3
Which of the following are alternatives to incinerating medical waste?
1. steam sterilization (autoclaving)
2. chemical mechanical systems
3. recycling
1 and 2
For regulatory compliance purposes, how often must adherence to infection control policies be reviewed?
Annually
