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MRCPCH FOP/TAS > Infection > Flashcards

Infection Flashcards

1
Q

Which vaccines tend to be safe in immunocompromised individuals?

A

All except live attenuated

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2
Q

Give examples of inactivated pathogen vaccines.

A

Polio, Flu, Hep A, rabies

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3
Q

Give examples of subunit/conjugate vaccines.

A

Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, Hep B, Pertussis, HiB, HPV, shingles

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4
Q

Give examples of live attenuated vaccines.

A

MMR, BCG, Chickenpox, nasal flu, rotavirus

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5
Q

Give examples of toxin vaccines.

A

Diphtheria and tetanus

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6
Q

Which immunisations are in the 6-in-1 vaccine?

A

Dip/Tet/Polio/Pertussis/HiB/HepB

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7
Q

Which vaccines are given at 8 weeks?

A

6-in-1
Men B
Rotavirus

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8
Q

Which vaccines are given at 12 weeks?

A

6-in-1
Pneumococcal
Rotavirus

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9
Q

Which vaccines are given at 16 weeks?

A

6-in-1
Men B

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10
Q

Which vaccines are given at one year of age?

A

2-in-1 (HiB/MenC)
Pneumococcal
MMR
Men B

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11
Q

What is the vaccine schedule for nasal flu vaccine?

A

Annually aged 2-8

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12
Q

Which vaccines are given at 3y 4m?

A

4-in-1 (Dip/Tet/Per/Polio)
MMR

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13
Q

At what age is the HPV vaccine given?

A

12-13 years

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14
Q

Which vaccines are given aged 14?

A

3-in-1 (Tet/Dip/Polio)
MenACWY

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15
Q

At what ages is MMR vaccine offered?

A

1 year and 3y 4m

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16
Q

Which children may be offered BCG vaccination?

A

From high-risk area or close contact

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17
Q

What is the isolation period for pertussis?

A

Notifiable disease
School exclusion 48 hours after antibiotic dose or 21 days if not treated

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18
Q

Which organism causes epiglottitis?

A

HiB

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19
Q

What is the school exclusion rules for hand, foot and mouth?

A

until apyrexial 24h and all blisters healed

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20
Q

What are the school exclusion rules for scarlet fever?

A

24 hours after first antibiotic dose

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21
Q

What are the school exclusion rules for slapped cheek?

A

No exclusion required

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22
Q

What are the school exclusion rules for measles?

A

at least 4 full days from when the rash first appears

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23
Q

Flu-like symptoms
Post-aur & sub-occpital lymphadenopathy
Maculopapular rash
suggests…

A

Rubella

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24
Q

What is the school exclusion advice for chickenpox?

A

until all of their blisters have crusted over

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25
Q

What is the school exclusion period for impetigo?

A

until lesions are crusted and healed, or 48 hours after commencing antibiotic treatment

26
Q

Rubeola is also known as…

A

Measles

27
Q

Type 1 reactions are mediated by…

A

IgE

28
Q

Give examples of Type II hypersensitivity reactions.

A

Haemolytic anaemia
Goodpasture’s

29
Q

Type II hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by…

A

IgM or IgG

30
Q

Premature babies should start their immunisation schedule according to…

A

their chronological age

31
Q

Type III hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by…

A

Antigen-antibody immune complexes

32
Q

Type IV hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by…

A

T-cells

33
Q

Give an example of a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.

A

Contact dermatitis

34
Q

How does IgA deficiency tend to present?

A

Recurrent sinopulmonary infections

35
Q

Gonococcal infection is usually resistant to…

A

tetracyclines

36
Q

Which organism is most commonly implicated in nec fasc?

A

Group A strep

37
Q

What is the most useful initial investigation in suspected malaria?

A

Blood film for malarial parasites

38
Q

What is the management for TB meningitis?

A

12 months anti-TB drugs with steroid cover initially

39
Q

What is the most common causative agent of croup?

A

Parainfluenza 1

40
Q

Which congenital infection is associated with cerebral calification, chlorioretinitis and hydrocephalus?

A

Toxoplasma

41
Q

Which congenital infection is associated with sensironeural deafness, cataracts and congenital HD?

A

Rubella

42
Q

What is the most common intrapartum infection?

A

CMV

43
Q

Which congenital infection is associated with sensironeural deafness, growth retardation and purpuric skin lesions?

A

CMV

44
Q

What is the recommended prophylaxis for meningitis case contacts?

A

Single dose ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin or azithromycin

45
Q

Which infection is associated with flooding and natural disasters?

A

Leptospirosis

46
Q

HBsAg suggests…

A

Active Hep B infection (acute or chronic)

47
Q

Presence of which antigen suggests current Hep B infection?

A

HBsAg

48
Q

Anti-HBsAg suggests…

A

Immunisation or cleared infection

49
Q

Anti-HBc IgM suggests…

A

Recent Hep B infection

50
Q

Anti-HBc IgG suggests…

A

Resolved or chronic infection

51
Q

Anti-HBe suggests…

A

Acquired, natural immunity

52
Q

Which organism species is associated with pet reptiles?

A

Salmonella spp.

53
Q

What is Palivizumab?

A

Humanised monoclonal RSV antibody

54
Q

Which children are eligible for monthly Palivizumab during RSV season?

A

Babies born before 35/40 who are < 6 months at start of RSV season
Children < 2 with haemodynamically significant CHD or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (treated past 6 months)

55
Q

What is the most common vector for leishmaniasis?

A

Sandfly

56
Q

Parasitic infection causing chronic diarrhoea…

A

Giardia lamblia

57
Q

What kind of organism is diptheria?

A

Gram positive bacillus

58
Q

Which cell are primarily infected by EBV?

A

B lymphocytes

59
Q

What is the vector of Lyme disease?

A

Ixodes tick

60
Q

What is the mainstay of treatment in chronic granulomatous disease?

A

Prophylactic antibiotics

61
Q

At what gestational exposure is congenital rubella syndrome possible?

A

< 16 weeks

MRCPCH FOP/TAS (11 decks)

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