Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Special Pops PEDS 1 > Infants > Flashcards

Infants Flashcards

1
Q

Neonates are age __ - ___

A

Birth-1 month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Infancy is age __ -___

A

1 mo- 1 yr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rapid ___ growth and ___ dev. occurs during the 1st year

A

Rapid BODY growth and BRAIN dev. during the 1st year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

by the end of infancy length has increased by ___%

A

55%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

There is a ____ increase in length during the first 4 months of age

A

~1.25

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

There is an increase in length just under a ___/month from 4-6 months

A

inch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

There is a ___/month increase in length from 7-12 months

A

~.5 in/mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

By the end of infancy weight has increased by ___%

A

↑200%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

___-___% wt loss in 1st wk of life, should regain to birth wt by __-__days of age

A

5-10% 10-14 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the cause of the drop in weight after birth (2 reasons)

A

loss of excess water present at birth lack of calories and volume in colostrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Wt loss ___ or have not gained wt back in _ wks = abnormal

A

>10% 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rate of wt gain is most rapid in the first ___ ms of life and progressively ↓

A

3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

From Birth to 4 mo there is a ____ lb↑/mo (weight) OR Gain of __ oz/day in first 3 months

A

~ 1.75 1 oz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

From 5-8 months there is a __ lb/mo (weight) OR __oz/day for age 3-6 months

A

~1 lb

.75 oz/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

By 6 mo old the infant is ___x their brith wt, and __x birth weight (50% ↑) by 1 y/o

A

2x birth wt (100% ↑) 3x birth weight (50% ↑)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

From 9-12 months there is an increase in weight ~ .___ lb/mo

A

.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

By the end of infancy Head Circumference ↑ by __% and Brain wt doubles

A

40% doubles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Head circumference ↑ by __% in the 1st yr of life

A

30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

↑ in head circumference ~__ cm/mo in the 1st 3 mo of life, then ~ 0.5 cm

A

2cm/mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

_____ is a Triangular shape, located between occipital and 2 parietal bones

A

Posterior fontanel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Posterior fontanel closes by __- __ of age

A

6-8 WEEKS of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_____ is a Diamond shape at the junction of the sagittal, coronal, and frontal sutures Between the 2 frontal and 2 parietal bones 3-4 cm in length and 2-3 cm in width

A

Anterior fontanel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Anterior fontanel closes by __ -___ of age

A

12-18 MONTHS of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

By the end of infancy a child is

__x body wt

↑ length by __%

Significant ↑ in ___ size and ____

A

3

50%

brain size & complexity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Dentition: Eruption of teeth starts by __-__ months old→ these are the “deciduous teeth”

A

5-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Transitioning diet occurs at __-__ months of age

A

9-12

27
Q

Putting cereal in formula will help a child ____

A

sleep

28
Q

___ is a Sensitive indicator of nutritional adequacy

A

Growth

29
Q

To meet growth demands, infants require a high intake of ___ and adequate amounts of ___, ___, ___ and ____

A

calories

fat, protein, vitamins, and minerals

30
Q

Infant brain growth is dependent on sufficient ___ intake and must constitute at least __% of caloric intake to meet growth and development demands

A

fat

30%

31
Q

AAP suggests exclusive ____ in first 6 mo of life

A

breastfeeding

32
Q

___ is the sole source of nutrition for first 6 mo of life

A

milk

33
Q

____ is appropriate substitute or supplement to breastfeeding

A

Iron-fortified infant milk

34
Q

Many nutrients are (↑/↓) in formula than breast milk b/c formula (is/is not) absorbed as well as breast milk

A

Many nutrients are ↑ in formula than breast milk b/c formula is not absorbed as well as breast milk

35
Q

___ should NOT be given in first two mo of life (kidneys are not fully developed)

A

Free water

36
Q

Exclusively breastfed infants should receive what supplements. (3 things)

A

Vitamin D supplements (400 IU/day) at birth

Fluoride at 6 mo

Iron rich foods should be 1st solids introduced

37
Q

Addition of solid foods: B/t __-__ mo of age, when infant can ___, ___, ___

A

4-6

lift head, sit w/ support, turn head when full

38
Q

Small window of time for acceptance of different textures bt __-__ mo

A

4-14 months

39
Q

Honey should be avoided until at least ___

A

1 y/o

40
Q

introduction of gluten should occur bt ___ -___

A

4-7 months

41
Q

Introduction of gluten while infant is still being breast fed may ↓ the risk of ___, ___, and ____

A

Celiac Dz

type 1 DM

wheat allergy

42
Q

No juice in infants ___ mo of age, unless clinically indicated

Limit juice to:

< 4 ounces/day in ___ y/o

< 6 ounces/day in ___ y/o

< 8 ounces/day in ___ y/o

A

<12

1-3 y/o

4-6 y/o

7-18 y/o.

43
Q

Breastfeeding can ↓incidence/risk of (10) have an idea

A
  • Respiratory infxn
  • Otitis media
  • GI infections
  • SIDS
  • Asthma
  • Atopic Dermatitis
  • Inflammatory bowel dz
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes – type 1
  • Childhood leukemia & lymphoma
44
Q

what are the advantages of breast feeding Neurodevelopmentally

A

Intelligence scores and teacher ratings significantly ↑

45
Q

Benefit of breastfeeding in Preterm Infants

A
  • ↓rates of sepsis and NEC
  • ↓ hospital readmissions
  • ↓ incidence of retinopathy of prematurity
  • Significantly ↑ scores for mental, motor and behavior ratings
46
Q

Breastfeeding Advantages for Mothers (5 things)

A

Delay return of ovulation thus ↑ spacing of children

Loss of pregnancy-associated adipose tissue and wt gain

Suppress post-partum bleeding (oxytocin release → uterine contraction)

↓ breast and ovarian cancers rate

In mothers who have had cumulative lactation of 12-23 months→ significant ↓of HTN, hyperlipidemia, CV dz and DM

47
Q

Breastfeeding Contraindications (7)

A
  • Galactosemia
  • Certain Inborn Errors of Metabolism
  • HIV+ mothers
  • Mothers w/ herpes on breast
  • Mothers with active TB until tx initiated
  • Mothers using illicit drugs
  • Mothers taking antimetabolite chemotherapy
48
Q

Indications for infant formula (4)

A
  • Mother chooses not to breastfeed
  • Breastfeeding is contraindicated
  • Supplement breastfeeding for infants not taking adequate breast milk to support growth
  • Fortify expressed breast milk for infants requiring more calories, protein, vitamins, and minerals
49
Q

what are the Formula Preparation options?

A

ready to feed

concentrate (mix with H2O)

Powder (mix with H2O)

50
Q

Indications for Hydrolyzed Protein Formulas

A
  • Cow milk protein allergy
  • Soy protein allergy
  • Galactosemia
  • Colic
51
Q

Contraindications of soy protein formula

A

Cow milk protein enterocolitis/enteropathy (likely to be sensitized to soy as well)

Premature infants

52
Q

Indications for soy protein formula? (4)

A
  • IgE-mediated allergy to cow milk protein?
  • Probably not as 10 -14% have soy protein allergy
  • Galactosemia
  • Vegan diet preference
53
Q

What are the Major Developmental Goals in Infancy

A

Attachment and Trust

Self-regulation (feeding, sleeping, calming)

Adaptation

54
Q

what are adaptation developemental goals for infants (4)

A

B- aby’s temperament

  • Reading/responding to baby’s cues
  • “Goodness of fit” w/in family
  • Developmental stimulation: physical, cognitive, language, social, emotional
55
Q

Special Concerns for infant development (6)

A
  • Feeding (wt gain, lack of interest)
  • Sleep patterns
  • Temperament (irritable, inconsolable)
  • Developmental delays
  • Parent-Infant interaction
  • Failure to Thrive
56
Q

Cognitive dev matching : Recognizes facial expressions as similar even on different people

Newborn Infant

2-6 months old

6-12 months

A

Newborn Infant

57
Q

Cognitive dev matching

Has discovered hands, learns to manipulate objects

Explores by putting everything in the mouth

Object permanence

  • newborn infant
  • 2-6 months
  • 6-12 months
A
  • 6-12 months
58
Q

cognitive dev. mathcing

Much more social (actively looking around)

Exploring environment and self (looking at hands)

  • newborn infant
  • 2-6 months
  • 6-12 months
A

6-12 months

59
Q

stagrner anxiety occurs bt __- __ mo old

A

2-6 months old

60
Q

what heading tets is performed at birth and does it test (conductive/sensory /or mixed hearing )

A

BAER (Brainstem Audio Evoked Response) hearing test done at birth (tets conductive hearing)

61
Q

Anticipatory guidance: Newborn and 1st week might include (5)

A

infant care

SIDS risk reduction

breastfeeding

prevention of shaken baby syndrome

“purple crying”

62
Q

What may you address during anticipatory guidance of Newborn and 1st week

A

Hold, cuddle, and rock baby to comfort him; never shake or hit baby

Put baby down to sleep on their back to reduce SIDS risk

Learn baby’s signs of hunger and fullness

Colic- crying for >3 hrs in a 24 hr period (usually initiates at 2-3 wks after birth)

63
Q

Anticipatory guidance : Infancy (1-11 months) Might include (5)

A

parent-infant interaction

infant safety seat and crib safety

childproofing home

sleep positioning

introduction of solids

64
Q

What may you address during anticipatory guidance of infancy (1-11 months) (4)

A

Get to know baby’s temperament→ can understand and respond to his needs

Lower the crib mattress when baby begins to stand in the crib

Put medicines, poisons, and small and sharp objects out of baby’s reach

Wait until baby is ready before offering the baby pureed or soft foods (~ 6 mo)

Special Pops PEDS 1 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions