Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FNP: 1 > Infancy 10-24 months > Flashcards

Infancy 10-24 months Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

Developmental theories of infants 10-24 months?

A

Trust v. Mistrust

- the infant needs should be met

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When do teeth first erupt?

A

9-12 months

- bottle fed babies: look for carries and tooth decay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When can babies first raise their heads?

A

10 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When is the birth weight doubled and tripled?

A

Doubled: 6 months
Tripled: 1 year
- weight loss is bad, physiological sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Average weight and height of 2 year old?

A

weight: 12 kg or 26.5 lbs
height: 86.6cm or 34 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When does the anterior fontanel close?

A

18 months

- if not, hypothyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When can toilet training begin?

A

22-24 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When can a child hold urine for more than 2 hours?

A

By 14-18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How should motor development look?

A

Symmetrical and progressive
Gross motor to fine motor
Crawling to walking to running to jumping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sleeping pattern of 10-24 month old?

A

sleeps total of 10-15 hours/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nutritional pattern of 10-14 month old?

A

less interested in food

wants to explore world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nutritional pattern of 15-18 month old?

A

refuses meals to show power

small servings advised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nutritional pattern of 19-24 month old?

A

Increased ability to concentrate on meals

Restrict milk to 16 oz to save room for other foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Elimination abilities of 10-14 month old?

A

Muscle control of sphincter not sufficiently developed to start toilet training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Elimination abilities of 15-24 month old?

A

Has BM at appropriate time when placed on a potty.

Indicated wet pants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Elimination abilities of 18-24 month old?

A
  • more regular pattern of elimination

- toilet training successful if pattern established

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Activity of 9-12 month old?

A
  • Creeps and crawls
  • scoots on bottom
  • walks holding onto furniture
  • starts holding spoon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Activity of 12-15 month old?

A
  • Walk on own/holding hand
  • can only crawl upstairs
  • can throw a ball
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Activity of 15-18 month old?

A
  • Walking, may run/climb
  • scribbling on paper
  • feeds themselves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Activity of 18-24 month old?

A
  • runs, falls often

- kicks balls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What needs to happen at every infant physical exam?

A 
VS: temp, RR, HR
Height, lying down
Weight: infant scale in a diper
Head circumfrence
- growth chart every visit
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Normal HR

  • 0-12 months
  • 1-11 years
A

HR

  • 0-12 months: 100-160 bpm
  • 1-11 years: 70-120 bpm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Normal RR

  • 6-12 months
  • 1-5 years
A

RR

  • 6-12 months: 24-30bpm
  • 1-5 years: 20-30bpm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Normal temp

A

98.6 F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What systems need to be examined at every visit?

A 
HEENT
Heart
Lungs
Neuromusular- symmetrical
Developmental Milestones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What history needs to be reviewed at every visit?

A 
Eating
Sleeping
Bowel/bladder
Developmental milestones
Illnesses/ ER visits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

When should rolling occur?

A

4-6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

When should sitting occur?

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

When should walking occur?

A

12 months

30
Q

When should toilet training occur?

A

Not before 24 months

31
Q

When does babbling occur?

A

6-9 months

- if not, may have hearing problem or delay

32
Q

When should their first word occur?

A

10-12 months

33
Q

What are signs of cardiac disease in an infant?

A
  • Poor feeding
  • Growth failure
  • Respiratory distress
  • Lethargy, should be active
  • Cyanosis, circumoral
34
Q

What are the signs of respiratory distress in an infant?

A
  • Cyanosis
  • Elevated RR
  • Use of accessory muscles
  • Head bobbing…more common in younger children
  • Nasal flaring
  • Retractions
  • Wheezing
  • Stridor
  • hearing a thud on inspiration, probably object
  • Rales, rhonchi, wheezing
35
Q

How and when to introduce solid foods to an infant?

A
  • Not before 6 months
  • One at a time
  • No cows milk before 12 months
  • eats with fingers, holds cup and spoon
36
Q

what needs to be check with kids on formula?

A
  • check hemoglobin every 3 months

- if constipated, give low iron formula

37
Q

How will teething appear?

A

drooling
difficulty sleeping
irritable

38
Q

What is atopic dermatitis?

A
  • most common childhood skin disorder
  • disseminated rash on face, arms and butt
  • easily infected because kids scratch with dirty nails
  • Red rash, papular lesions
  • Associated with childhood asthma
39
Q

Atopic dermatitis treatment:

A
  • steroid cream, use mild potency to avoid changes in skin pigmentation
  • bathe daily
  • secondary infection: and anti-staph antibodies
  • kids should wear gloves at night, keep nails short
  • use mild soap and keep moisturized
  • avoid sun and extreme temp changes
40
Q

Who should not get vaccinated?

A
  • allergies/ allergic rxn
  • immunocompromised- for live vaccine
  • chronic kidney disease
  • if toxic (fever, diarrhea)
41
Q

What is toilet training usually dependent on? Around what age?

A

Dependent on emotional and physical readiness

  • walks well
  • can stay dry for periods of time
  • discomfort when soiled

Rarely before 18 months

42
Q

When does AAP recommend children to be screened for developmental delays?

A

9 months
18 months
24 or 30 months

43
Q

When should children be screen specifically for ASD?

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder
18 months
24 months

44
Q

When is hemoglobin checked?

A

9-12 months

If anemic look for: lead, diet, sickle cell

45
Q

When are lead levels checked?

A

12 months, venous testing

46
Q

What is some general anticipatory guidance you can give parents for 9-15 month kids?

A
  • Consistent schedule is important
  • reward good behavior, don’t give attention to bad behavior
  • They have broader emotional reactions: fear, stubborn
47
Q

What is some general anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 15-18 months kids?

A

time of temper tantrums and power dynamics

48
Q

What is some general anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 18-24 months kids?

A
  • time of language acquisition

- child is still very active, will run and jump

49
Q

What is some nutritional anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 9-15 months kids?

A

less interest in food

50
Q

What is some nutritional anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 15-18 months kids?

A

eating may become a battle

51
Q

What is some nutritional anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 18-24 months kids?

A
  • encourage an interest in different foods

- never use food as punishment/reward

52
Q

What is some elimination anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 9-15 months kids?

A

too early to potty train

53
Q

What is some elimination anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 15-18 months kids?

A

may begin practice potty training

54
Q

What is some elimination anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 18-24 months kids?

A
  • girls generally train earlier than boys
  • smaller kids train faster than larger kids
  • bladder training is usually after bowel training
55
Q

What is some safety anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 9-15 months kids?

A

Childproof the home so kid can explore home freely

56
Q

What is some safety anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 15-18 months kids?

A

Maintain vigilance

57
Q

What is some safety anticipatory guidance you can give to parents for 18-24 months kids?

A

Maintain vigilance for choking, burns, fires

58
Q

What is the most preventable pediatric health problem?

A

High lead levels aka lead poisoning

59
Q

What does high lead levels lead to?

A
  • decreased intelligence
  • impaired neurobehavioral development
  • decreased growth
  • seizures
60
Q

What is a high lead level?

A

In NYC = 10+

In NY state = 5+

61
Q

Why are kids at higher risk for lead poisoning?

A
  • more hand to mouth activity

- absorption is greater in kids

62
Q

What are sources of lead?

A
  • Lead based paint
  • Soil ,dust
  • Drinking water
  • Parental /hobbies..stained glass,furniture repair,finishing
  • Toys
  • Occupations..battery recycling,building demolition etc
63
Q

How to reduce lead exposure?

A
  • wash hands before eating
  • wash toys/pacifiers
  • have parents change before coming in house
  • eat frequent meals
  • increase iron and Ca in diet
64
Q

When are high lead levels followed up on?

A

3 months after initial venous test

65
Q

What lead level requires hospitalization?

A

70+g/dL

66
Q

Otitis media

A
  • acute infection of middle ear
  • Common in 6-36 month kids
  • Organisms: S.pneumo, H.influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis
  • watch and wait for 72 hours
67
Q

What is persistent acute OM?

A

persistent otitis media symptoms after 48-72 hours of antibiotics

68
Q

What is chronic OM

A

persistent s/s for 3 months or more

- anatomical problem

69
Q

What are toxic markers for otitis media?

A
  • decreased activity
  • dehydration
  • decreased feeding
  • fever
70
Q

When should parents see an improvement with OM?

When is follow up scheduled?

A
  • improvement within 24 hours of treatment
  • f/u in 48 hours
  • chronic f/u in 3-4 weeks

FNP: 1 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions