Industrialization Flashcards
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin? Why did it begin there?
UK; Because they had all of the ingredients - main ones being access to raw materials (iron/coal/rivers/canals), and a favorable political climate
What is urbanization?
Moving from the country (rural areas) to cities (urban areas), usually for work
What are the positive and negative effects of urbanization?
Negative - Density of people leads to poor living conditions, lack of regulation (laissez faire) leads to poor working conditions, because many workers - low wages
Positive - people got work in cities, increased technology, increased access to consumer goods
What is capital and what does it have to do with the Industrial Revolution?
Capital just means money, usually the money that will be used to invest in businesses. This is one of the ingredients needed to start industrialization by building factories
What was Eli Whitney’s contribution to the Industrial Rev.?
Created cotton gin (as well as other inventions)
What were labor unions fighting for?
Workers rights and protections, increased wages, etc
What idea is Karl Marx known for?
Father/founder of Communism
What is Communism?
Government (Public) ownership of economy and industry
Who were the Proletariat?
The working class (do not own means of production)
Who were the Bourgeoisie?
The upper/sometimes middle class (own means of production)
What was the temperance movement? Who made up a majority of its supporters?
Temperance movement - don’t drink alcohol
Mostly supported by religious people and women’s movements
What is an Abolitionist?
Someone who advocates for getting rid of slavery
What is a Suffragette?
Suffragists were women seeking right to vote peacefully, Suffragettes sought right to vote through ANY means (violent/disruptive means)
What was the main purpose of the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention?
First women’s rights convention, sought to discuss and debate the goals, motivations, and ideas behind the women’s rights movement
Describe philosophies of capitalism/market economy and communism/ command economy. Who are the major founders of these ideologies?
Communism - Marx - Public (govt.) ownership of goods and services
Capitalism - Adam Smith - Private (ind.) ownership of goods and services
