Industrialisation and Protest

Question 1

Two examples of new technology in 18th century?

Answer 1

Thomas Newcomen’s steam engine (1712) and Spinning Jenny (1770)

Question 2

Number of banks in 1784 compared to 1808 (excluding London)?

Answer 2

1784: 119
1808: 800

Question 3

Role of banks in Industrial Revolution?

Answer 3

Funded private factories, transformed cottage industry to large scale factories and united farmers with industrial centres

Question 4

Population of London in 1751 and 1851?

Answer 4

1751: 650,000
1851: 2.3 million

Question 5

Which acts repealed previous acts to aid laissez-faire free trade?

Answer 5

Repeal of the Statute of Artificiers (1813), Banking Co-partnership Act (1826) and 1846 Repeal of Corn Laws

Question 6

Which Act banned workers’ unions for the purpose of improving working conditions?

Answer 6

Combination Act (1799)

Question 7

What did the 1833 Factory Act entail?

Answer 7

Children under 9 could no longer work, those aged 9-13 limited to 8 hours of work and all children under 13 would receive two hours of education a day

Question 8

What did the 1847 Factory Act achieve?

Answer 8

Ten hour day for women and children

Question 9

Which protest began in 1811?

Answer 9

Luddites - protested unemployment due to increased machinery use

Question 10

What and when were the Swing Riots?

Answer 10

1830 - protesting agricultural working conditions

Question 11

Who were the Tolpuddle Martyrs?

Answer 11

1834 - deported to Australia for breachingIllegal Oaths Act by starting a ‘friendly society’ to combat poor agricultural working conditions

Question 12

How much were the Tolpuddle Martyrs being paid?

Answer 12

Initially seven shillings when they began protest, fell to six shillings

Question 13

Why did the Blanketeers march in 1817?

Answer 13

Over the desperate state of the textile industry in Lancashire and to protest the suspension of Habeas Corpus

Question 14

What was the Peterloo Massacre?

Answer 14

1819 - cavalry charged into a crowd of 80,000 that had gathered to demand the reform of parliamentary representation

Question 15

Deaths and injuries during Peterloo Massacre?

Answer 15

18 deaths

400-700 non-fatal injuries

Question 16

How many machines had then Luddites destroyed by 1812 in Nottingham alone?

Answer 16

Over 1000 with an estimated cost of £6,000-£10,000

Question 17

How many people did the cotton trade employ by 1833?

Answer 17

833,000

Question 18

Population of London in 1851?

Answer 18

2.3 million

Question 19

What did the Municipal Corporations Act of 1835 do?

Answer 19

Allowed local councils to take over utilities like sewage and water

Question 20

What did the 1819 Factory Act do?

Answer 20

Limited child labour to 12 hours a day

Question 21

Which act disallowed women and boys under 10 from working underground?

Answer 21

1842 Mining Act (Sponsored by Lord Ashley)

Question 22

Which Act limited the number of workday hours to 10?

Answer 22

Ten Hour Act 1847

Question 23

What percentage of houses in Birmingham were back-to-backs in 1801?

Answer 23

67%

Question 24

Coal production 1770 and 1850?

Answer 24

1770: 6 million tons
1850: 55 million tons

Question 25

What percentage of the working population were under the age of 20 in 1821?

Answer 25

49%

Question 26

How many Luddites were executed in 1812?

Answer 26

14

Question 27

How many people arrested during Swing Riots (1830)?

Answer 27

1976 people
19 executed
800+ acquitted

Question 28

What did the 1856 Factory Act do?

Answer 28

Repealed some safety features from the 1844 Factory Act

Question 29

Which Acts put burials in control of the local council?

Answer 29

Burial Acts 1852, 1854 and 1857

Question 30

What did the 1866 Sanitary Act achieve?

Answer 30

Sanitation inspections became compulsory for local corporations; criminal offence to fail to quarantine diseased areas