industrial revolution

Question 1

identify the factors of production

Answer 1

land (natural resources, including waterways)
labor (workers)
capital (money)

Question 2

identify Jethro Tull + inventions

Answer 2

inventor of the horse drawn hoe and seed drill

Question 3

identify Charles Townshend + inventions

Answer 3

inventor of the crop rotation system

Question 4

define industrial revolution

Answer 4

when machines did more work than humans and economics shifted from agrarian to industrial; majority of nation’s $ was made by factory goods instead of handmade

Question 5

define urbanization

Answer 5

when cities and workers migrated to work in them

Question 6

define tenement

Answer 6

cheap shabby apartments proletariats lived in

Question 7

define bourgeoisie

Answer 7

middle class; lived in row houses; jobs include factory manager and school teacher; entertainment includes going to theater, playing piano; get 3 courses of food served in the dining room by the lady of the house or maid on glazed pottery

Question 8

define proletariat

Answer 8

working class; lived in tenements; jobs include nanny, cook, gardener, actress, textile mill worker, street vendor, maid, railyard worker, etc. ; entertainment includes gambling on dog/rat fights, going to neighborhood theater (penny gaff) and gambling on knuckle boxing; get breakfast lunch dinner but very little food and served by street vendors or charitable bakers

Question 9

describe wealthy life in great britain

Answer 9

victorian houses, jobs include aristocrat, politician, aristocratic lady, entertainment includes opera, elegant balls, attend tea parties, 6 courses of food served in the dining room with elegant decorations decorating the room and using fine china

Question 10

define Meiji restoration

Answer 10

when Japan’s emperor was fully restored political power; he made decision to industrialize Japan

Question 11

define selective borrowing

Answer 11

the process of taking ideas and adapting them to your own needs

Question 12

identify Adam smith

Answer 12

created the economic system - capitalism

Question 13

identify John s mill

Answer 13

created utilitarianism and wanted to use it to help the poor working class

Question 14

identify Robert owen

Answer 14

created utopianism - created a utopia in new harmony, indiana

Question 15

identify Karl marx

Answer 15

created communism; also predicted workers would revolt against the wealthy; cowrote a book called the communist manifesto

Question 16

causes of industrial revolution in great britain?

Answer 16

agricultural revolution, enclosure movement, population growth

Question 17

explain agricultural revolution

Answer 17

late 1500s-early 1800s; new farming methods and tools were developed

Question 18

explain population growth

Answer 18

1700s-1800s; more food + better medicine= longer life; necessary labor force to work in factories, mines, railroads, steamships

Question 19

explain enclosure movement

Answer 19

late 1500-early 1800- public land for grazing was enclosed into private land; small plots of land for growing crops were combined into larger plots owned by one farmer

Question 20

first asian nation to industrialize

Answer 20

japan

Question 21

how did the change in methods of production affect people

Answer 21

changed from cottage system to factory- families worked together to alone; workers get breaks when they wanted to at set times; products took a longer time to make and stayed that way; products were expensive to cheap for consumers

Question 22

define capitalism

Answer 22

economic system with private property and no government interference; P: ppl have control, consumers usually win w/lower prices, more variety, no taxes; N: no safety standards, no minimum wage, corporate greed, no product regulation

Question 23

define utilitarianism

Answer 23

economic system with private property, government property and government interference; mixed economy; P: possibly move up social classes, safer products/environments, less child labor, fair wages + hours; N: taxes, higher prices, job loss, poverty still exists

Question 24

define utopianism

Answer 24

economic system with cooperative villages, no $, ppl share skills and resources; P: no need for $, sharing, equality; N: isolated, slackers (no motivation), no military defense

Question 25

define communism

Answer 25

economic system with no private property, government owns+ controls everything; P: equality-everyones needs met; N: no rights, no variety, little motivation or creativity

Question 26

define unions

Answer 26

labor associations that workers formed

Question 27

define collective bargaining

Answer 27

negotiations between workers and their employers

Question 28

define strikes

Answer 28

when people refused to work

Question 29

define factory act of 1833

Answer 29

law made it illegal to hire children under 9; children from age 9-12 couldn’t work more than 8 hrs a day; people ages 13-17 couldnt work more than 12 hrs a day

Question 30

define mines act of 1842

Answer 30

prevented women and children from working in mines underground

Question 31

define ten hours act of 1847

Answer 31

limited women and children who work in factories work day to 10 hours a day

Question 32

define democratic socialism

Answer 32

a leader is elected, people have control over economic planning, private property still exists