enlightenment chapter Flashcards
age of enlightenment
intellectual movement that stressed reason and thought to solve problems
non religious; philosophers wanted all governments to be like this
secular
what was a satire
This style of writing was
designed to make fun of
specific leaders or
institutions that the
writer disagrees with.
popular sovereignty
men or citizens should have the right to create and run their own
government (rule by the people)
free market economy
businesses operate with little or no government interference (capitalism)
enlightened despots
absolute monarchs who accepted some enlightenment ideas and made life better for some subjects
what did Thomas Hobbes believe in/do +legacy
thought people were evil and supported absolute monarchy +thought it was necessary
did not do anything/leave a legacy
what did JOhn Locke believe in/do +legacy
supported popular sovereignty; people should be able to rebel against unjust leaders legacy; supported democracy
what did Voltaire believe in/do +legacy
people should be able to criticize their leaders; secular governments; freedom of speech legacy; inspo for our first amendment rights
what did baron de Montesquieu believe in/do +legacy
governments should have checks + balances; 3 branches of gov. legacy; 3 branches of gov checks + balances
what did rousseau believe in/do +legacy
all men are born good; popular sovereignty (democracy) legacy; pop. sover. voting democracy
what did beccaria believe in/do +legacy
right to speedy trial; punishment should fit crime; no torture or execution (cruel + unusual punishment) legacy; justice system (amendments 4-8)
what did Denis Diderot believe in/do +legacy
freedom of the press; all ppl. should be able to read; edited first encyclopedia legacy; the encyclopedia (mix of facts & critiques)
what did Mary wollstonecraft believe in/do +legacy
women’s equality (right to vote + education); women should be able to work outside of home legacy; women’s rights ( to vote, education, political, etc 19th amendment)
identify enlightenment ideas in the constitution (4 ppl. and their ideas)
Montesquieu; separation of powers checks and balances; three branches of government (legislative, judicial, executive)
Locke; popular sovereignty
Voltaire; inspiration for the first amendment rights (freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly)
beccaria; justice system amendments 4-8
