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honors world history > age of imperialism > Flashcards

age of imperialism Flashcards

1
Q

define imperialism

A

when one country takes over another

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2
Q

define white man’s burden

A

the task that white colonizers believed they had to civilize inhabitants of their colonies (whites civilize nonwhites)

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3
Q

describe settlement colonies

A

large groups of people from the imperialist nation live permanently in new territory (ex: AUstralia)

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4
Q

describe dependent colonies

A

a few officials + their army rule over native Americans ( India - GB ruled 1848-1948)

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5
Q

describe protectorates

A

the native ruler keeps their title but the imperialist nation controls the native ruler (before Hawaii was a state)

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6
Q

describe spheres of influence

A

the imperialist nation stalks the people they want to control + keep other imperialists away (Japan vs other Pacific islands)

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7
Q

when the u.s was under British control, what type of colony were we?

A

settlement colony of Britain

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8
Q

identify the motives behind imperialism

A

political, economic, social/cultural motives

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9
Q

describe the political motives behind imperialism

A

nationalism, more colonies created = more respect from rivals and bigger armies; islands were used to build naval bases

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10
Q

define nationalism

A

extreme love for your nation

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11
Q

describe the economic motives behind imperialism

A
  1. need for raw materials (copper, rubber)
  2. need for new markets (place to sell products)
  3. need for jobs (growing population left many unemployed)
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12
Q

describe the social/cultural motives behind imperialism

A
  1. spread European values (Christianity - religion)
  2. Europeans felt non-westerners were “half-devil half -child” and needed to be “civilized”
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13
Q

define paternalism

A

treating or governing people in a parental way - no rights

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14
Q

define assimilation

A

giving up one’s culture and adapting to another culture

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15
Q

identify Australias stolen generations

A

the aboriginal people who were forcefully taken away (stolen) from their families between the 1890s-1970s

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16
Q

explain how the stolen generations were impacted by the australian government

A

raised on missions or by foster parents; totally cut off with their aboriginality; severally punished if they spoke their aboriginal language; some children never learned anything traditional and received little or no education. girls trained to be domestic servants + boys to be stockmen

17
Q

define the Berlin conference

A

the meeting of European superpowers with the purpose to peacefully divide africa; ended the African scramble

18
Q

explain what the scramble for Africa was - who started it- when and why it ended

A

European fever to claim parts of Africa; started by France; 1879-1885; Berlin conference ended it

19
Q

explain why europe was able to take over africa ( 4 reasons)

A
  1. European military = superior
  2. Africans not united
  3. Africans were deceived
  4. european medical tech progressed
20
Q

describe the negative effects of European imperialism in africa (5)

A

loss of independence - paternalism, loss of natural resources, loss of native language,/culture, loss of food sources/land/homes, slavery/disease

21
Q

describe the positive effects of European imperialism in africa (5)

A

canals/roads/railroads, medicines/vaccines, new farming methods, telegraph/telephone,
literacy/western education

22
Q

how did the British gov control the native people of india

A

3/5 was dependent colony and the rest was protectorate

23
Q

describe the positive effects of british imperialism in india (3)

A

modern schools, hospitals, factories + improved farming; advanced transportation networks, railroads, roads, bridges; Hindus and Muslims were kept from fighting

24
Q

describe the negative effects of british imperialism in india (3)

A

loss of resources; monopolized trade; indians were treated as inferiors - used the caste system to their advantage

25
Q

define the british east India company

A

1757-1857; private british business that controlled a large part of india

26
Q

define the Indian nationalist movement

A

the movement for Indian self rule that would end British control in india

27
Q

identify mahatma gandhi

A

Indian brahmin who led the Quit India movement - no violence, fasting, rejection of all British laws (boycott); inspired many others to boycott as well and acted as a leader/hero

28
Q

describe how India was divided into 2 nations based on religion in 1947

A

India - majority Hindu
Pakistan - majority Muslim

29
Q

identify the European nation that colonized the congo

A

belgium

30
Q

what resource led to the abuse of the native congolese

A

rubber

31
Q

give an example of how Europeans expected natives to assimilate

A

speak a certain language (English)

32
Q

give an example of paternalism

A

how the British people treated mudu in the movie; tracked peoples marriages

33
Q

what is the name of the vaccine that prevented malaria

A

quinine

34
Q

The vaccine, Quinine, helped Europeans take over Africa because it protected them from

A

malaria

35
Q

One of the social or cultural motives of missionaries in European colonies was to spread

A

christianity

36
Q

What European nation killed 10 million Congolese natives to acquire free rubber?

A

belgium

37
Q

who was Otto von bismarck

A

leader of Germany; wanted to talk peacefully about Africa; came up with the Berlin conference

38
Q

explain how Britain took over india

A
  1. British east India company ruled over by the Bombay region and hired sepoys to work for them
  2. sepoys rebelled
  3. British gov stepped in and took over india and ruled them for the next 90 years
39
Q

Europeans needed this for their factories, making it a major motive in imperialism

A

raw materials

honors world history (6 decks)

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