age of imperialism

Question 1

define imperialism

Answer 1

when one country takes over another

Question 2

define white man’s burden

Answer 2

the task that white colonizers believed they had to civilize inhabitants of their colonies (whites civilize nonwhites)

Question 3

describe settlement colonies

Answer 3

large groups of people from the imperialist nation live permanently in new territory (ex: AUstralia)

Question 4

describe dependent colonies

Answer 4

a few officials + their army rule over native Americans ( India - GB ruled 1848-1948)

Question 5

describe protectorates

Answer 5

the native ruler keeps their title but the imperialist nation controls the native ruler (before Hawaii was a state)

Question 6

describe spheres of influence

Answer 6

the imperialist nation stalks the people they want to control + keep other imperialists away (Japan vs other Pacific islands)

Question 7

when the u.s was under British control, what type of colony were we?

Answer 7

settlement colony of Britain

Question 8

identify the motives behind imperialism

Answer 8

political, economic, social/cultural motives

Question 9

describe the political motives behind imperialism

Answer 9

nationalism, more colonies created = more respect from rivals and bigger armies; islands were used to build naval bases

Question 10

define nationalism

Answer 10

extreme love for your nation

Question 11

describe the economic motives behind imperialism

Answer 11

1. need for raw materials (copper, rubber)
2. need for new markets (place to sell products)
3. need for jobs (growing population left many unemployed)

Question 12

describe the social/cultural motives behind imperialism

Answer 12

1. spread European values (Christianity - religion)
2. Europeans felt non-westerners were “half-devil half -child” and needed to be “civilized”

Question 13

define paternalism

Answer 13

treating or governing people in a parental way - no rights

Question 14

define assimilation

Answer 14

giving up one’s culture and adapting to another culture

Question 15

identify Australias stolen generations

Answer 15

the aboriginal people who were forcefully taken away (stolen) from their families between the 1890s-1970s

Question 16

explain how the stolen generations were impacted by the australian government

Answer 16

raised on missions or by foster parents; totally cut off with their aboriginality; severally punished if they spoke their aboriginal language; some children never learned anything traditional and received little or no education. girls trained to be domestic servants + boys to be stockmen

Question 17

define the Berlin conference

Answer 17

the meeting of European superpowers with the purpose to peacefully divide africa; ended the African scramble

Question 18

explain what the scramble for Africa was - who started it- when and why it ended

Answer 18

European fever to claim parts of Africa; started by France; 1879-1885; Berlin conference ended it

Question 19

explain why europe was able to take over africa ( 4 reasons)

Answer 19

1. European military = superior
2. Africans not united
3. Africans were deceived
4. european medical tech progressed

Question 20

describe the negative effects of European imperialism in africa (5)

Answer 20

loss of independence - paternalism, loss of natural resources, loss of native language,/culture, loss of food sources/land/homes, slavery/disease

Question 21

describe the positive effects of European imperialism in africa (5)

Answer 21

canals/roads/railroads, medicines/vaccines, new farming methods, telegraph/telephone,
literacy/western education

Question 22

how did the British gov control the native people of india

Answer 22

3/5 was dependent colony and the rest was protectorate

Question 23

describe the positive effects of british imperialism in india (3)

Answer 23

modern schools, hospitals, factories + improved farming; advanced transportation networks, railroads, roads, bridges; Hindus and Muslims were kept from fighting

Question 24

describe the negative effects of british imperialism in india (3)

Answer 24

loss of resources; monopolized trade; indians were treated as inferiors - used the caste system to their advantage

Question 25

define the british east India company

Answer 25

1757-1857; private british business that controlled a large part of india

Question 26

define the Indian nationalist movement

Answer 26

the movement for Indian self rule that would end British control in india

Question 27

identify mahatma gandhi

Answer 27

Indian brahmin who led the Quit India movement - no violence, fasting, rejection of all British laws (boycott); inspired many others to boycott as well and acted as a leader/hero

Question 28

describe how India was divided into 2 nations based on religion in 1947

Answer 28

India - majority Hindu Pakistan - majority Muslim

Question 29

identify the European nation that colonized the congo

Answer 29

belgium

Question 30

what resource led to the abuse of the native congolese

Answer 30

rubber

Question 31

give an example of how Europeans expected natives to assimilate

Answer 31

speak a certain language (English)

Question 32

give an example of paternalism

Answer 32

how the British people treated mudu in the movie; tracked peoples marriages

Question 33

what is the name of the vaccine that prevented malaria

Answer 33

quinine

Question 34

The vaccine, Quinine, helped Europeans take over Africa because it protected them from

Answer 34

malaria

Question 35

One of the social or cultural motives of missionaries in European colonies was to spread

Answer 35

christianity

Question 36

What European nation killed 10 million Congolese natives to acquire free rubber?

Answer 36

belgium

Question 37

who was Otto von bismarck

Answer 37

leader of Germany; wanted to talk peacefully about Africa; came up with the Berlin conference

Question 38

explain how Britain took over india

Answer 38

1. British east India company ruled over by the Bombay region and hired sepoys to work for them 2. sepoys rebelled 3. British gov stepped in and took over india and ruled them for the next 90 years

Question 39

Europeans needed this for their factories, making it a major motive in imperialism

Answer 39

raw materials