Industrial revolution Flashcards
How did a lack of space contribute to the development if sport?
purpose built facilities had to be created to have any sport outlet - e.g. football pitch
How did a large working-class population contribute to the development if sport?
‘melting pot’ of sports - opportunity for different villages to share ideas
many couldn’t play - stadiums to spectate - became key past time
How did a loss of traditional sports contribute to the development if sport?
less space so facilities not there anymore
individualised village sports became irrelevant
old sports couldn’t happen so new sports emerged
more civilised in urban areas - mob games banned
How did a change in working hours contribute to the development if sport?
to begin with - working conditions horrendous + stupid hours + exploited
living conditions also terrible - disease spread
therefore didn’t have time / too ill
NEGATIVE
Effects of urbanisation on society
lots of people - crowded, no space for traditional games
NEGATIVE
Effects of leisure time on society
long working hours - less time
shift from ‘seasonal’ time to ‘machine’ time - 12 hour working days
NEGATIVE
Effects of income on society
lack of income - low wages and poverty were evident - exploited by factory owners
NEGATIVE
Effects of health on society
as more crowded - disease spread quickly = people became ill - couldn’t play sports
NEGATIVE
Effects of laws on society
more laws in place - games became more civilised as mob games were banned
Changes in criminal laws
NEGATIVE
Effects of public provision on society
lack of public provisions - no access to private facilities or no personal equipment for lower classes
What were the initial negative effects on society?
H - poor health / hygiene
I - lack of income
T - lack of time
F - facility provision lacking
O - overcrowding + lack space
R - loss of rights
How did health and hygiene change?
1875 Public Health Act
Artisans Dwellings Act allowed council to clear slums and build better homes for working families
public baths improved cleanliness
POSITIVE
What effect did health and hygiene have on society?
less risk of disease
less working class getting ill
could take part in more sport as healthier + more energy
How did wages change?
Factory Acts - restricted working hours for women and young children
Work finished 2pm on Saturday
Working conditions improved e.g. ventilation
POSITIVE
What effect did factory acts have on society?
working class had more time to be involved in physical activity / sport
How did two tier system change?
new middle class of industrialists and professionals who lived in much better conditions than before
new middle class were self made men who took advantage of business opportunities available in newly industrialised society
POSITIVE
What effect did new middle class have on society?
changed ways of behaving in sport - became more acceptable and respectful and played to a high moral code
gave more time off work
provided broken time payments - lower classes payed to miss days work to play
How did the values of athleticism change?
created opportunities for organised sports and recreational activities, due to decrease in physical labour after revolution
defined as ‘physical endeavour with moral integrity’ spread to lower classes
POSITIVE
What effect did values of athleticism have on society?
development of modern fitness - more people involved in sports and recreational activities
idea of always trying hard and working to best of abilities whilst taking part in fair spirit of game
How did industrial patronage change?
factory owners became ‘patrons of sport’
new MC factory owners provided support of WC to be able to participate
POSITIVE
What effect did industrial patronage have on society?
Greater provisions:
- factory teams
- facilities provided by factories
- excursions to seaside
Encouraged loyalty in workforce
How did transport change?
new railway network built
development of roads
cheaper to travel
What were the key ways railways contributed to the development of sport?
movement of teams / spectators
- faster and further travel
- nationwide fixtures develop on regular basis
improved access
- sport developed from local to regional to national level
- leagues formed
cheaper train travel
- affordable to WC
- people follow teams and support home and away
improved access to countryside
- field sports
rural areas reachable and affordable
- excursions (often sponsored by employers) allowed WC to travel to seaside
How did communication change?
newspaper production increased ‘bells weakly’
telephones introduced
POSITIVE
What effect did communications have on society?
published fixtures and results
leagues established
How did improved literacy positively influence development of national recreation?
Codifying sports
- rules created
- more sections of society could understand them
Advertising/promoting sports, increasing knowledge via specialist newspapers
- posters of when games will be
- results
Increasing knowledge of sporting heroes / role models in the newspapers
