Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Health

Question 1

Nephrotoxins

Answer 1

Targets the kidneys

Question 2

Neurotoxins

Answer 2

Targets nerve cells

Question 3

Hemotoxins

Answer 3

Targets red blood cells

Question 4

Hepatoxins

Answer 4

Targets the liver

Question 5

Carcinogenesis / Oncogenesis

Car-cin-nuh-jen-a-sis / On-co-gen-sis

Answer 5

The creation of cancer

Question 6

Anthracosis

Answer 6

A pneumoconiosis caused by exposure to coal dust (Black Lung)

Question 7

Siderosis

Answer 7

A lung disease caused by inhalation iron oxide or other metallic particles.

Question 8

Silicosis

Answer 8

A pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of iron oxide or other metallic particles.

Question 9

Silicosiderosis

Answer 9

A pneumoconiosis in which inhaled dust is that of silica and iron

Question 10

Presbycusis

Answer 10

Hearing loss due to the normal process of aging

Question 11

Sociocusis

Answer 11

Hearing loss due to nonoccupational noise sources, such as household noise, TV, radio, traffic, etc.

Question 12

Tinnitus

Answer 12

Ringing in the ears.

Question 13

Sensorineural

Answer 13

Hearing loss due to occupational exposure.

Question 14

Epicondylittis

Answer 14

Associated with a framing carpenter

Question 15

Raynaud’s Syndrome

Answer 15

Characterized by white fingers and numbness

Question 16

Independent Effect

Answer 16

Substance exert their own toxicity independently of each other.

Question 17

Additive Effect

Answer 17

(3 + 5 = 8)
The combined effect of exposure to two chemicals that have both the same mechanism of action and target organ, is equal to the sum of the effects of exposure to each chemical when given alone.

Question 18

Synergistic Effect

Answer 18

(3 + 5 = 30)
The combined effect of exposure to two chemicals is much greater than the sum of the effects of each substance when given along; each substance magnifies the toxicity of the other.

Question 19

Irritants

Answer 19

Chemicals that will irritate various tissues, causing redness, rashes, swelling, coughing, or even hemorrhaging.

Chlorine and ammonia are examples of two irritants.

Question 20

Sensitizers

Answer 20

Allergens, these chemicals cause an allergic type of reaction due to sensitivity from prior exposure. An acute response may be swelling of the breathing tubes, which causes breathing difficulty.

Question 21

Mutagens

Answer 21

Causes alterations in the genes of an exposed person.

Question 22

Teratogens

Answer 22

Causes damage or death to a developing fetus. Examples of teratogens are thalidomide, dioxins, lead and cadmium.

Question 23

Acute

Answer 23

Fast or rapid acting.

Question 24

Chronic

Answer 24

Long term