Indocrine Drugs Flashcards
master gland, common site of tumors
Pituitary Gland
FSH
LH
Growth Hormone
Anterior Pituitary
Decreased GH
Dwarfism
-Somatropin
*do not inject if epiphysis is closed
SQ injection; anabolic – builds up
SE: fluid retention and myalgia
-Anabolic substance nandroxone and oxandrolone
stimulates protein synthesis, inc. cartilage, and bone growth
May have cardiac arrest
Drugs for Dwarfism
Increased GH if open epiphysis
Gigantism
Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
Dopamine agonists
Pegvisomant (Somavert)
GH receptor antagonists
Increased GH if closed epiphysis
Prognathism enlarged jaw
Acromegaly
Thyroid glant to produce T3 and T4 Needs iodine to produce
T3 -Triiodothyronine, also known as T₃, is a thyroid hormone. It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate.
T4 -Thyroxine (referred to as T4) is a major player in your endocrine system. It is responsible for your metabolism, mood, and body temperature
TSH (Thyroid stimulating hormone)
Severe Hypothyroidism
Mentally retarded
Myxedema
Severe Hypothyroidism
Mentally retarded
Myxedema
Children without Thyroid gland
Mentally retarded
Cretinism
Levothyroxine (Synthroid) – T4
Liothyronine (Cytomel) – T3
Liotrix (Euthyroid) – combination
Thyroid hormones
no frequent swallowing is at the neck; bleeding at neck
Shrink and reduce vascularity of the thyroid gland before thyroidectomy with SSKI/Lugol’s solution
Thyroidectomy
targets adrenal glands: cortex and medulla
Cortex
Glucocorticoids (Cortisol/Steroids)
Catabolic- breakdown CHON,CHO, Fats -> high glucose -> CHON breakdown (fluid shifting) -> edema, muscle wasting, osteoporosis,stretch marks,immunosuppressant (antibodies are made of proteins) -> fat breakdown ->central (truncal) obesity
Buffalo hump
Anabolic steroids – pure androgen; used by athletes
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
Retains Na and water
Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone)
Hirsutism
Stimulation of sebaceous glands
Androgens (secondary male characteristics)
High GMA/excess of the hormone cortisol.
High water and sodium; low potassium
SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion)– no high sodium
If secondary to medicine –Cushing’s Syndrome
Cushing’s Disease
Low GMA/inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone
Steroids
Addisonian(Adrenal)Crisis – do not stop abruptly
Taken with meals
Addison’s
Pheochromocytoma – more E,NE due to tumor
Antihypertensive
Remove adrenal gland (adrenalectomy)
Medulla: Epinephrine, Norepinephrine
PTU(Propythiouracil)
Prevent the formation of thyroid hormone
Not for pregnant women – cretinism
SE: Aggranulocytosis – monitor for signs of
infection
Tapazole (Methimazole)
Tonsillectomy – frequent swallowing
Posterior Pituitary
Oxytocin
ADH (vasopressin) – water retention/reabsorption
Inc. ADH – SIADH
High BP, edema
Fluid restriction
Diuretics
Dilutional hyponatremia3% NaCl
Dec. ADH – Diabetes Insipidus
Polyuria
Dehydration -> polydipsia
Fluid Deprivation Test
Even if deprived for 10 hours, urinate
1kilo – 1 L
Give vasopressin (Pitressin, Lypressin; nasal, Desmopressin: oral IV, nasal spray)
ANTI THYROID MEDICATIONS
Type 1 – No Insulin
Type 2 – With less functional insulin
1. Rapid Acting: Lispor (Humalog)
a. 10-15 mins, 1 hour peak, duration 3 hours
2. Short acting: Regular
a. O 30 mins-1hr P 2-4 hrs,D 6-8 hrs
3. Intermediate acting: NPH and Lente
a. O 2-4 hrs P 8-12 D 12-16 hrs
4. Long acting insulin
5. Glargine (Lantus) – no peak; no hypoglycemia; 24 hour insulin
INSULIN
Peak action is the time when you experience hypoglycemia
Regular and NPH
is SQ and IV
Regular first. Clear then cloudy. Rotate sites (1 in apart) to prevent lipodystrophy
Regular insulin
