Individual differences influencing obedience - Gender and culture Flashcards
Why was Milgram’s original study androcentric? What differences would we expect between men and women in the study?
Only tested 40 white men
Women less obedient = more sympathetic to ppt
What did Sheridan and King (1972) do?
Ppts ordered to give alive puppy reql electric shocks
100% of women agreed even though showed distress, only 54% of men carried on until end of study
Why might women have been more obedient in Sheridan and King’s research?
They are used to being subordinate and quiet
What does Gilligan suggest about moral reasoning?
Suggests that moral decision-making is guided by diff principles in men + women
What is the principle in men?
‘Ethic of Justice’ = Values fairness, equality, + requires more detached outlook to avoid bias
What is the principle in women?
‘Ethic of Care’ = The importance of interpersonal relationships, + nurturing + supporting those in need
What research found no significant difference with gender and obedience?
Milgram + Burger found same levels of obedience
What research found a difference between obedience and gender?
Kilham and Mann found women were less obedient across their 2 conditions + less gave max shock compared to males
Shows gender is a factor but not a significant one
What are the 2 cultural effects of obedience identified by Hofstede?
Individual-collectivism and power-distance index
What is individual-collectivism?
Individualism = About yourself, the I
Collectivism = About us as a community
What countries are collectivist?
Eastern countries, e.g. China, India
What countries are individualist?
Western countries, e.g. UK, America, Australia
What levels of obedience would we see in individualist vs collectivist countries?
Individualist = Only u, less obedient
Collectivist = Don’t want to disrupt community, more obedient
What is power-distance index?
Refers to how accepting people are of hierarchal societies - accepting people have lots more power than others
More likely to obey
