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Neuro Unit 3 > Indirect Motor Pathway > Flashcards

Indirect Motor Pathway Flashcards

0
Q

Description of indirect

A

Polysynaptic not mono
Has many pathways
Indirectly influence spinal nerve- many synapse not just one

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1
Q

Another name for indirect motor pathway

A

Extra pyramidal tract

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2
Q

Indirect function to coordinate and adjust

A

Posture and balance

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3
Q

Indirect function to coordinate and regulate/edit

A

Rate, force, timing of movements

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4
Q

Indirect function regulate and inhibit

A

Reflexive movements

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5
Q

Direct vs indirect in purpose

A

Direct- move this way or that way

Indirect- edit and regulate movement

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6
Q

Methods indirect- relies upon

A

And works with basal ganglia and cerebellum

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7
Q

Methods indirect- works simultaneously

A

With pyramidal pathways-direct shoot down to alpha motor neuron

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8
Q

Method indirect modifies messages

A

Generated by primary motor cortex

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9
Q

Method indirect pathway

A

Complicated, round-about, many of them

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10
Q

Method indirect: amount of synapses

A

Polysynaptic (has many synapses l, not just one, as direct has)

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11
Q

Indirect method: does not provide direct input to LMNs

A

Jus edit and fixes

Gets it to interneuron which synapses with LMN

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12
Q

Why called extrapyramidal

A

Because functions ‘outside’ of the system if tracts moving through the pyramidal structure of the medulla in the brainstem

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13
Q

Indirect structures

A

Basal ganglia
Brainstem (midbrain)
Cerebellum

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14
Q

Indirect basal ganglia

A 
Globus pallidus 
Putamen
Caudate nucleus
-substantia nigra
-sub thalamic nucleus
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15
Q

Indirect brainstem

A

Red nucleus- iron cells

Reticular formation

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16
Q

3 parts of the brainstem

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla

17
Q

Cerebral peduncle all converge at internal capsule

A

Projection fibers efferent and afferent

18
Q

Pons

A

3 cerebellar peduncles attach here- roots of cranial nerves emerge here

19
Q

What synapses at pons

A

3 corticobulbar synapse here with cranial nerves

20
Q

Indirect motor system throughout

A

Almost entire brainstem- same structures as direct

Basal ganglia and cerebellum, reticular formation

21
Q

Brainstem structures involved in indirect motor pathways

A

Reticular formation and red nucleus

22
Q

What us reticular formation

A

Collection of cells scattered amongst some cranial nerve nuclei and some fiber tracts within the brainstem

23
Q

Reticular formation course

A

Vertical

Long extension of these cells throughout midbrain, pons, and medulla

24
Q

What does reticular formation do

A

Mediates basic levels of consciousness arousal and attention (not in coma)
Major player in mediating messages sent to LMNs

25
Q

Red nucleus description

A

Cluster if cells in the midbrain

26
Q

Red nucleus receive input from

A

Motor cortex and BG, and feedback from cerebellum

27
Q

Red nucleus Further modifies

A

Motor messages on their way down

28
Q

Substantia nigra technically located

A

Within the brainstem (midbrain)

29
Q

Substantia nigra functionally apart of

A

Basal ganglia

30
Q

Substantia nigra does what

A

Info to and from the BG

Critical producer of dopamine

31
Q

Subthalamic nucleus technically part of

A

Thalamic nuclei

32
Q

Sub thalamic nucleus functionally part of

A

Basal ganglia

33
Q

Sub thalamic nucleus does what

A

Receives input from globus pallidus, motor cortex

Head right back up to globus pallidus

34
Q

Direct versus indirect

A

Direct- initiate, decussate, one synapse

Indirect- regulate, some decussate or don’t

35
Q

Indirect job

A

Editorial work: inhibit unnecessary amounts of muscle tone

36
Q

Spasticity

A

Too much tone

37
Q

Indirect motor pathways concepts some

A

Some decussate

Some remain ipsilateral, some do both

38
Q

Indirect motor pathways all concept

A

Provide indirect influence upon LMNs by synapse at interneuron
Engage in my multi-synaptic circuitry
Final synapses with inter-neurons to indirectly influence the movement executed by the LMN

39
Q

Cranial nerves damage

A

Speech, swallowing

Neuro Unit 3 (13 decks)

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