Indigenous Health Systems Flashcards
Healthy Public Policy
A concept originally introduced in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (1986) as a tool to create the sorts of supportive environments that will enable people to live healthy lives by putting health on the policy agenda in all sectors and at all levels.
Lalonde Report
1974, first introduced the concept of the health field that includes four major elements, genetics, environment, lifestyle, and medical care.
Romanow Report on Canadian Health Care
Examined the future of health care in Canada and identified the structural changes needed to improve health care. Identified Aboriginal health inequity to be rooted in two key issues, a general mismanagement of funding and a poorly established system to provide care.
The Adelaide Conference on Health Promotion
1988, indicated that a healthy public policy should recognize the unique culture of Indigenous peoples including acknowledging their inherent right to be self-determining and the Indigenous knowledge they hold as a fundamental means through which to create the conditions for equal access to health and health care.
Social Determinants of Health (Indigenous People)
Bottom
1) Culture (language and stewardship)
2) Social Support Networks
3) Gender and Genetics
4) Health Services, Personal Health Practices and Coping Skills, and Education
5) Employment and Working Conditions and Income and Social Status
6) Healthy Child Development
Top
Distribution of Indigenous People
1) 58% First Nations
2) 34.5% Metis
3) 3.9% Inuit
Disparities in Life Expectancy
1) Lower Socioeconomic Status
2) Higher Disease Prevalence (both infectious and non-infectious)
3) Lack of Access to Healthcare Services
4) Discrimination
Legacies of Colonialism
1) Jordan’s Principle
2) Brain Sinclair
3) Joyce Principle
Jordan’s Principle
Jordan Anderson was a very sick baby that required expensive healthcare treatment and equipment. The parents wanted to take the baby home and wanted the equipment to be set up at home. The provincial government and federal government were arguing who was going to cover the costs of the medical treatment but in the end Jordan Anderson died in the hospital. The principle is that Indigenous children get treated first and then the governments decide who pays.
Brain Sinclair
An Indigenous man who came to the emergency room with kidney failure and died in the waiting room after waiting for 2 days. Wasn’t given care due to healthcare providers assuming he was a drug addict or was homeless.
Joyce Principle
An Indigenous woman who went to a Quebec hospital for pain and was verbally abused by the nurses. She died.
Truth and Reconciliation Commision (2015)
94 calls to action.
Truth and Reconciliation Calls to Action Domains
1) Child Welfare
2) Education
3) Language and Culture
4) Health
5) Justice
6) Reconciliation
Truth and Reconciliation Calls to Action Health
18) Recognize and implement the healthcare rights of Aboriginal people (proposed).
19) Identify and close the gaps in health outcomes between Aboriginal people and non-Aboriginal communities (proposed).
20) Recognize, respect, and address the distinct health needs of the Métis, Inuit, and off-reserve Aboriginal peoples (underway).
21) Provide sustainable funding for existing and new Aboriginal healing centers (underway).
22) Recognize the value of Aboriginal healing practices and use them in the treatment of Aboriginal patients (underway).
23) Increase the number of Aboriginal professionals working in the healthcare field (proposed).
24) Require all medical and nursing students to take a course dealing with Aboriginal health issues (proposed).
Medicine Wheel
A circular symbol split into four sections, white, yellow, red, and black. Each section has its own direction, season, element, medicine, state (ie. physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual), and stage of life.
Indigenous Ways of Knowing
1) Medicine Wheel
2) Connection to the Land
3) Self-Determination
Promoting Cultural Safety
1) Training more Indigenous health care professionals.
2) Integrating Indigenous health practices with western medicine.
3) Ensuring cultural safety.
