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Geography > Indian transport > Flashcards

Indian transport Flashcards

1
Q

The first serious attempt at road planning

A

The Nagpur Plan, also known as the First Road Development Plan, was a 20-year road development plan for India that was finalized in 1943

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2
Q

National highways

A
  1. The main roads which are constructed and maintained by the Central Government are known as the National Highways.
  2. These roads are meant for inter-state transport and movement of defence men and material in strategic areas.
  3. These also connect the state capitals, major cities, important ports, railway junctions, etc.
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3
Q

Bodies responsible for national highways

A

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways is responsible for the development of National Highways.
National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is an autonomous authority to develop, maintain, and manage the National Highways of India.
Central Government has the power to notify any highway as the National Highway and such highway will be specified in the Schedule.
The National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL), and the public works departments (PWD) also important.

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4
Q

State Highways

A

These are constructed and maintained by state governments. They join the state capitals with district headquarters and other important towns. These roads are connected to the National Highways.

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5
Q

District Roads

A

These roads are the connecting link between District Headquarters and the other important nodes in the district.

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6
Q

Rural Roads

A

These roads are vital for providing links in the rural areas.

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7
Q

Border Roads

A

The Border Road Organisation (BRO) was established in May 1960 for accelerating economic development and strengthening defense preparedness through rapid and coordinated improvement of strategically important roads along the northern and north-eastern boundary of the country.
Apart from the construction and maintenance of roads in strategically sensitive areas, the BRO also undertakes snow clearance in high altitude areas.

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8
Q

Largest road network in the world, Density of roads

A

India has the second largest road network in the world after the US. (length of roads per 100 square km of area). Max Kerala, minimum Kashmir. The density of road is high in most of the northern states and major southern states.

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9
Q

International Highways

A

The international highways are meant to promote the harmonious relationship with the neighbouring countries by providing effective links with India

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10
Q

longest National Highway

A

is NH44
which runs between Srinagar in Jammu and Kashmir and Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu

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11
Q

shortest National Highway

A

is NH766EE, which spans 4.27 km, from Hettikeri to Belekeri port in Karnataka
NH 118-Jharkhand. The NH 548 Maharashtra.

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12
Q

How are Indian Highways numbered?

A

All North-South highways will carry EVEN number
All East-West highways will have ODD numbers
All major Highways will be a single-digit or double-digit in a number
North-South highways will increase their numbers from East to West.
Three digits numbered highways are secondary routes or branches of the main highway.
Suffixes A, B, C, D, etc are added to the three-digit sub highways to indicate very small spin-offs or stretches of sub-highways.

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13
Q

Stats about highways

A

India has 151,00 km of National Highways as of March 2021. National Highways constituted 3% of India’s total road network, but carried about 40% of road traffic, as of 2013.

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14
Q

NH 315

A

Assam, Arunachal Pradesh

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15
Q

NH 127 A

A

Assam

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16
Q

NH 156

A

Rajasthan

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17
Q

NH 731

A

Uttar Pradesh

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18
Q

NH 110, 112, 114, 60

A

West Bengal

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19
Q

NH 966 A and 966B

A

Kerala

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20
Q

NH 129

A

Assam, Nagaland

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21
Q

NH 544

A

Kerala, Tamil Nadu

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22
Q

NH 319

A

Bihar

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23
Q

NH 530, 519

A

Uttar Pradesh

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24
Q

NH 320

A

Jharkhand

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25
Q

NH 5

A

Haryana, Chandigarh, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab

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26
Q

NH 40

A

Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu

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27
Q

NH 45

A

Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh

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28
Q

NH 148

A

Rajasthan

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29
Q

NH 21

A

Rajasthan, UP

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30
Q

NH 65

A

Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana

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31
Q

NH 66

A

(Parallel to the Western Ghats)
Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu

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32
Q

NH 151

A

Gujarat

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33
Q

NH 41

A

Gujarat

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34
Q

NH 147

A

Gujarat

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34
Q

NH 48

A

(Golden Quadrilateral) Delhi, Haryana, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu

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35
Q

NH 138

A

Tamil Nadu

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36
Q

NH 135

A

Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh

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37
Q

NH 16

A

Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal

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38
Q

NH 348

A

Maharashtra

39
Q

NH 748

A

Goa, Karnataka

40
Q

NH 4

A

Andaman & Nicobar Islands

41
Q

NH 60

A

Maharashtra

42
Q

NH 19

A

(Golden Quadrilateral) Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal

43
Q

NH 1 and 244

44
Q

railway system zones in India

45
Q

What is Rail Gauge?

A

The gauge of the railway track is a clear minimum vertical distance between the inner sides of two tracks is called a railway gauge.

46
Q

Types of Rail Gauge in India?

A

Broad gauge (1676 mm/ 5’6), Metre Gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 in), Narrow gauge 2 ft 6 in (762 mm), and Standard gauge (for Delhi Metro) 1435 mm (4 ft 8½ in). These are very approx values.

47
Q

National Waterways

A

Out of the 111, National Waterways declared under the National Waterways Act, 2016, 13 are operational for shipping and navigation and cargo/passenger vessels are moving on them. Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)

48
Q

NW – 1

A

Ganga-Bhagirathi-Hooghly

49
Q

NW – 3

A

West Coast Canal, Champakara Canal, and Udyogamandal Canal- Kerala

50
Q

NW – 2

A

Brahmaputra, Sadiya-Dhubri in Assam

51
Q

NW – 4

A

Krishna River, Vijayawada – Muktyala

52
Q

NW – 100

A

Tapi River

53
Q

NW – 73

A

Narmada River

54
Q

NW – 111, 68

A

Zuari
Mandovi

55
Q

NW 10, 83, 85, 91

A

Maharashtra

56
Q

NW – 97

A

(Sundarbans Waterways) Namkhana to Athara Ban k iKha

57
Q

Max ports in which state

A

Maha- 50
Guj-40
TN-15
Karnatak-10

58
Q

Types of ports

A

Major and minor ports are the two types of ports in India. Major ports are owned and operated by the Central Government, while minor ports are owned and operated by state governments. India has 205 designated minor and intermediate ports that handle a significant amount of business in addition to 13 major seaports (12 government-owned and one private).

59
Q

Administration of major ports

A

Major ports are included in the Union list of the Indian Constitution and are administered under the Indian Ports Act of 1908 and the Major Port Trust Act of 1963. Each major port is overseen by a Board of Trustees appointed by the Government of India.

60
Q

Minor ports

A

Port department or, if one exists, the State Maritime Board. State marine boards perform similar functions to port trusts and have tariff-setting authority. They also work to attract private investment through concession contracts, incentives, exclusive rights, and land acquisition.

61
Q

Oldest Port

A

Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port Trust, Kolkata

62
Q

Newest Port

A

Vadhavan, Maharashtra

63
Q

Largest Port

A

Mumbai Port, Maharashtra

64
Q

Deepest Port

A

Vishakhapatnam Port, Andhra Pradesh

65
Q

Busiest Port

A

Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT), Maharashtra

66
Q

Private Major Port

A

Mundra Port (Operated by Adani Port limited)

67
Q

Largest Container Port

A

Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT)

68
Q

List of Major Ports in India

A
  1. Kandla Gujarat
  2. Mumbai Port Trust Maharashtra
  3. Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) Maharashtra
  4. Mormugao Goa
  5. New Mangalore Karnataka
  6. Kochi Kerala
  7. Tuticorin Tamil Nadu
  8. Chennai Tamil Nadu
  9. Kamarajar Tamil Nadu
  10. Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh
  11. Paradip Odisha
  12. Kolkata West Bengal
  13. will be Vadhavan, removed Port Blair
69
Q

Kandla Gujarat

A
  1. Called the Deendayal Port, it is a Tidal Port
  2. Largest port by volume of cargo handled.
70
Q

Mumbai Port Trust Maharashtra

A
  1. Largest Natural Port and harbour In India
  2. The busiest port in India
71
Q

Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT) Maharashtra

A
  1. Largest Artificial Port
  2. Largest Container Port in India.
  3. Also known as Nhava Sheva, Navi Mumbai
72
Q

Mormugao Goa

A
  1. Situated on the estuary of the river Zuari
  2. significant role in exporting iron ore.
72
Q

New Mangalore Karnataka

A

Deals with the iron ore exports

73
Q

Kochi Kerala

A
  1. Situated in the Vembanad lake.
  2. Known for exports of spices and salts.
  3. Also known as Queen of the Arabian Sea.
74
Q

Tuticorin Tamil Nadu

A
  1. Also called the VO Chidambaranar Port.
  2. A major port in south India, it deals with fertilizers and petrochemical products.
75
Q

Chennai Tamil Nadu

A
  1. Artificial Port
  2. 2nd largest container port
  3. 2nd busiest port in India.
76
Q

Ennore Tamil Nadu

A
  1. India’s First corporatized port, earlier known as Kamarajar Port.
  2. Pivotal role in transporting coal.
77
Q

Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh

A
  1. It is a land locked harbour, Deepest port of India.
  2. Deals with the export of iron ore to Japan.
  3. Amenities for building and fixing of ships are available
78
Q

Paradip Odisha

A
  1. Natural Harbor
  2. deals with the export of iron and aluminum
  3. strategically located where River Mahanadi meets Bay of Bengal
79
Q

Corporate ports

A

Ennore/Kamarajar, which opened in 2001, is run as a company under India’s Companies Act. The process of corporatization means that there is a change in legal structure. The ownership prior to and after the corporatization remains with the Government. However it is a major step towards liberlisation.

79
Q

Kolkata West Bengal

A
  1. India’s only major Riverine port on Hugli
  2. Oldest port.
  3. Halida port as a dock of this port, Known as Diamond Harbour
80
Q

Airports in India management

A

The Airport Authority of India is the body that manages both the International Airports in India as well as the Domestic Airports in India.

80
Q

Corporate trains in India

A

The Kashi Mahakal Express is the country’s third ‘corporate’ train after the two Tejas Express trains between Delhi-Lucknow and Mumbai-Ahmedabad. All these three trains are run by PSU IRCTC which takes all decisions of running the service.

81
Q

Private ports by the Adani Group ports S. India

A

Karaikal Port (Karaikal, Puducherry)
Krishnapatnam Port (Krishnapatnam, Andhra Pradesh)
Gangavaram Port (Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh)
Kattupalli Port (Kattupalli, Tamil Nadu)

82
Q

Private ports by the Adani Group ports Guj

A

Mundra Port (Mundra, Gujarat)
Hazira Port (Hazira, Gujarat)
Dahej Port (Bharuch district, Gujarat)
Tuna Port (Tuna, Gujarat)

83
Q

Private ports by the Adani Group ports Maha Odisha Kerala

A

Dighi Port (Raigad district, Maharashtra)
Dhamra Port (Bhadrak district, Odisha)
Vizhinjam International Seaport (Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)

84
Q

JSW Group ports

A

JSW Jaigad Port (Ratnagiri district, Maharashtra)
JSW Dharamtar Port (Alibag, Maharashtra)

85
Q

Shapoorji Pallonji Group ports

A

Gopalpur port (Chhatrapur, Odisha)

86
Q

Key pipelines of India

A
  1. Asia’s First Cross-Country Pipeline: Asia’s first cross-country pipeline was constructed by OIL from the Naharkatiya oilfield (Assam) to the Barauni refinery (Bihar) extended upto Kanpur.
  2. Salaya to Jalandhar: From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab, via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Sonipat.
  3. Hazira(Gujarat)-Vijaipur-Jagdishpur(UP) HVJ: First interstate natural gas pipeline, constructed by GAIL, linked Mumbai High and Bassein gas fields
86
Q

APM Terminals port

A

Port Pipavav (Pipavav, Gujarat)

86
Q

Aurobindo Group port

A

Kakinada Port (East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh)

86
Q

Chabahar port

A
  1. long-term agreement was signed between Indian Ports Global Ltd. (IPGL) and Port and Maritime Organisation (PMO) of Iran, enabling operation of the Shahid-Beheshti terminal.
  2. Chahabar is Iran’s oceanic port nearest to India. It is situated in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, on the Makran coast. It lies in the Gulf of Oman.
  3. Chahabar Port project has two main ports called the Shahid Kalantari Port and the Shahid Beheshti Port. India getting latter.
86
Q

Pipelines in India are vital for

A

transporting oil, gas, and petroleum products safely and affordably. Their extensive network ensures a steady supply chain across the nation, from production sites to refineries and industrial hubs.

86
Q

Sittwe port

A
  1. Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) has approved a proposal for India Ports Global Ltd (IPGL) to take over the operations of the entire Sittwe port located on the Kaladan River, Myanmar in Rakhine State.
  2. The deep-water port offers a significant connectivity advantage for cargo to reach from Vizag and Kolkata to the Northeastern states, bypassing Bangladesh.
  3. It will also reduce dependency on the Siliguri Corridor (or the chicken’s neck) squeezed between Bhutan and Bangladesh
86
Q

Importance of Chabahar port

A
  1. The Chabahar port will act as a counter to China’s development of the Gwadar port in Pakistan.
  2. boost India’s access to Iran, the key gateway to the International North-South Transport Corridor(INSTC) that has sea, rail and road routes between India, Iran, Russia, Central Asia and Europe.

Geography (17 decks)

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