India People Economy Flashcards
(28 cards)
Industries are also classified on the basis of the use of their products such as?
(i) basic goods industries, (ii) capital goods industries (iii) intermediate goods industries, and (iv) consumer goods industries.
Classification of industries is based on the nature of the manufactured products
Eight classes of industries, thus identified are : (1) Metallurgical Industries, (2) Mechanical Engineering Industries, (3) Chemical and Allied Industries, (4) Textile Industries, (5) Food Processing Industries, (6) Electricity Generation, (7) Electronics and (8) Communication Industries.
raw materials needed for iron and steel industry
iron ore, coking coal, limestone, dolomite, manganese and fire clay.
MILD FC
The Indian iron and steel industry consists of
large integrated steel plants (from raw material extraction to finished steel), mini steel mills (primarily use scrap metal as raw material) , and rolling mills ( focus on the processing of semi-finished steel products into finished products)
TISCO
Jamshedpur, Jharkhand
IISCO
Burnpur, a neighborhood in Asansol, West Bengal
Visvesvaraiya Iron and Steel Works Ltd. (VISL)
Kemangundi in the Bababudan hills, Karnataka
Via the Second Five Year Plan (1956-61), three new integrated steel plants were set up with foreign collaboration. Which and management?
Rourkela in Orissa, Bhilai in Chhattisgarh and Durgapur in West Bengal. These were public sector plants under Hindustan Steel Limited (HSL). In 1973, the Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) was created to manage these plants.
Rourkela Steel Plant
Sundargarh district of Orissa in collaboration with Germany.
Bhilai Steel Plant
The Bhilai Steel Plant was established with Russian collaboration in Durg District of Chhattisgarh
Durgapur Steel Plant
Durgapur Steel Plant, in West Bengal, was set up in collaboration with the government of the United Kingdom
New steel plants which were set up in the Fourth Plan period are away from the main raw material sources. Name
- The Vizag Steel Plant, in Vishakhapatnam in Andhra Pradesh is the first port based plant which started operating in 1992.
- The Vijaynagar Steel Plant at Hospet in Karnataka was developed using indigenous technology. This uses local iron ore and limestone.
- The Salem Steel Plant in Tamil Nadu was commissioned in 1982.
Bokaro Steel Plant
This steel plant was set up in 1964 at Bokaro with Russian collaboration. Jharkhand.
The cotton textile industry in India can be broadly divided into two sectors. Name
the organised sector and the decentralised sector.
The decentralised sector includes cloth produced in handlooms (including Khadi) and powerlooms.
The production of the organised sector has drastically fallen from 81 per cent in the mid-twentieth century to only about 6 per cent in 2000. At present, the powerlooms on the decentralised sector produce more than 59 per cent and the handloom sector produces about 19 per cent of all cotton cloth produced in the country.
Does cotton lose weight during manufacture? Where are industries located?
Cotton is a “pure” raw material which does not lose weight in the manufacturing process. At present the trend is to locate the industry at or close to markets, as it is the market that decides what kind of cloth is to be produced.
important cotton states
Maha Guj, Pun Har, TN AP Kar
Sugarcane weight losing or no
Sugarcane is a weight-losing crop
Petrochemical Industries subgroups
(i) polymers, (ii) synthetic fibres, (iii) elastomers, and (iv) surfactant intermediate.
Imp sugar producing states
Maharashtra, MP, Guj UP, Bihar, Punjab, Haryana, TN.
Important petrochemical hubs
Mumbai is the hub of the petrochemical industries. Cracker units (Uttar Pradesh), Jamnagar, Gandhinagar and Hajira (Gujarat), Nagothane, Ratnagiri (Maharashtra), Haldia (West Bengal) and Vishakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh).
organisations are working in the petrochemical sector under the administrative control of the Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals.
- Indian Petrochemical Corporation Limited (IPCL), a PSU. It is responsible for the manufacture and distribution of the various petrochemicals like polymers, chemicals, fibres and fibre intermediates.
- Petrofils Cooperative Limited (PCL), a joint venture of the Government of India and Weaver’s Cooperative Societies. It produces polyester filament yarn and nylon chips at its two plants located at Vadodara and Naldhari in Gujarat.
- Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and Technology (CIPET), involved in imparting training in petro-chemical industry.
Polymers constituents
are made from ethylene and propylene. These materials are obtained in the process of refining crude oil.
Indices for Industrial Regions in India
(i) the number of industrial units, (ii) number of industrial workers, (iii) quantum of power used for industrial purposes, (iv) total industrial output, and (v) value added by manufacturing,
Sources of Population Data
Population data are collected through Census operation held every 10 years in our country. The first population Census in India was conducted in 1872 but its first complete Census was conducted only in 1881.
