india quick fire points for essay plans Flashcards
‘the impact of the first world war was largely responsible for the progress of india towards independence in the years 1914-20’ how far do you agree with this statement
-IMPACT OF WW1
(Growth of industry, political impacts)
-GROWTH OF NATIONALISM
(Lucknow pact, home rule leagues, satyagraha positives and failures)
–ACTIONS OF THE BRITISH
(montagu declaration positives and limitations, lead top montagu chelmsford report, rowlatt acts)
The main consequence in India of the First World War was a weakening of Britain’s control of the Indian sub continent in the years 1914–19.’ How far do you agree with this statement?
-WEAKENING OF BRITISH CONTROL (nationalist movements like Lucknow party and home rule leagues, rowlatt acts causing nationalism, amiritsar massacre sparking first satyagraha)
-ECONOMIC (and maybe social) IMPACT ON INDIA
(positive, negative)
-BRITAIN GAINING/MAINTAINING CONTROL
(montagu declaration, gov of india act 1919, rowlatt acts, Amritsar massacre, imprisonment of opponents)
How accurate is it to say that the 1920s in India were years characterised by distrust and a hardening of the attitudes between Britain, Congress and the Muslim League?
-HARDENING OF BRITAIN
-DISTRUST GROWING BETWEEN MUSLIM LEAGUE AND CONGRESS
-COOPERATION
‘In the years 1922-32, the position of Congress was strengthened’. How far do you agree?
-YES- THROUGH DIRECT ACTION AND POLICIES LEADING TO GROWTH OF NATIONALISM
(satyagraha’s, gandhi Irwin pact, poona pact)
-YES THROUGH LEGISLATION
(Irwin declaration, gandhi Irwin pact)
-NO
(muslim members leaving, didn’t attend round table conferences, leaders imprisoned)
How accurate is it to say that, in the years 1920–32, Gandhi’s tactics were an effective means of opposing British rule in India?
-YES- DIRECT NON COOPERATIVE ACTION
(non cooperation, 1920-22 satyagraha, 1930 salt satyagraha, poona pact, gandhi Irwin pony)
-NO- DIRECT ACTION
(non cooperation, 1920-22 satyagraha, 1930 salt satyagraha, confrontational approach lead to wellington disliking an imprisoning him)
-NO POLICIES AND HANDLING OF INTERNATIONAL AND INTERNAL AFFAIRS
(second round table, went to jail and missed conferences, lack of support for muslims)
British policy in India, in the years 1928–35, was designed to maintain control of the sub-continent by making concessions.’ How far do you agree with this statement?
PARA 1- CONTROL VIA CONSCESSIONS
(poona pact, gandhi Irwin party, Irwin declaration, RTC’s, 1935 GOIA to bind india to britain)
PARA 2- CONTROL VIA REPRESSION
(arrests of leaders and congress after salt satyagraha, wellington banning and arrests, india defence league)
PARA 3- COOPERATION VIA LEGISLATURE AND CONCESSIONS
(GOIA, gandhi Irwin pact, Irwin declaratiom, RTC’s)
The impact of the salt satyagraha (1930) was more significant than the impact of any other civil disobedience campaign in the years 1920–42.’ How far do you agree with this statement?
-PARA 1- 1920-22 SATYAGRAHA
(deaths, violence, cooperation with peasants, gandhi imprisoned)
-PARA 2- SALT SATYAGRAHA
(media attention, mass arrests, progression of tactics, untouchables, lack of muslims, lead to gandhi irwin pact, infrastructure destroyed)
-PARA 3- QUIT INDIA CAMPAIGN SATYAGRAHA
(imprisonment, 1000 deaths
How accurate is it to say that Gandhi’s poor political skills were the principal reason for the failure of the Second Round Table Conference in 1931?
PARA 1- POOR POLITICAL SKILLS
(wanted to represent all indians, rejected separate electorates, previously didn’t want dominion status, couldn’t agree)
PARA 2- OTHER INDIAN DELEGATES/ (divisions within india, separate electorates, jinnah playing them off against one another)
PARA 3- BRITISH POLICY AND AFFAIRS
(viceroy Irwin replaced with viceroy willington, indian independence league backed by media 1933, Hoare’s appointment, growing conservative influence)
Repression was the principle method used by the British to maintain their control over India throughout the years 1914-30’. How far do you agree?
PARA 1- REPRESSION
(rowlatt acts, Amritsar massacre, arrest, BUT dyer censured and Irwin didn’t use martial law due to massacre)
PARA 2- CONCILATION
(montagu declaration, Irwin declaration, Simon commission)
PARA 3-LEGISLATION
(government of india act 1919, first round table outcomes, effort to make new constitution)
How accurate is it to say that the most significant obstacle to Indian independence, in the years 1935-42, was divisions within India?
-PARA 1- DIVISIONS WITHIN INDIA
(lahore resolution, division over presidency in congress, august offer, outbreak of war, 1937 elections, division in war)
-PARA 2- BRITISH ACTIONS/ POLITICS
(conservative gov, probs caused by war, Linlithgow breaching terms of GOIA, 1942 Cripps mission)
-PARA 3-TACTICS
(violence created by quit india, arrests)
The main aim of British policy in India, in the years 1917-39, was always to create a peaceful self-governing state’. How far do you agree?
-PARA 1 CONSULTATION to appease
(montagu declaration, gandhi Irwin pact, Irwin declaration, Simon commission, RTC, poona pact acceptance)
-PARA 2 LEGISLATION to appease
(1917 GOIA, gandhi Irwin pact, 1935 GOIA)
-PARA 3 REPRESSIVE POLICY
(rowlatt acts, willington arrests and want for gandhi to die out of prison, amiritsar massacre, reaction to both satyagrahas, indian defence league, Hoare)
‘The main reason for political hostility between Hindus and Muslims in the years 1920-40, was differences between Gandhi and Jinnah’. How far do you agree?
PARA 1- DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GANDHI AND JINNAH
(kalifat movement, salt satyagraha restriction of muslims, tactics, lahore resolution, disagreement at RTC,)
PARA 2- RELIGIOUS SEPERATENESS/ CULTURAL DIFFERENCE
(tanzeem and tabligh, religious practices like prayer and cow slaughter, congress banning cow slaughter in Biha, nehru report, 1937 elections,seperate electorates)
PARA 3- BRITISH POLICY
(start of ww2, gandhi Irwin pact, august offer, GOIA not including muslims as much)
How accurate is it to say that the ‘Quit India’ campaign, launched by Congress in 1942, was the most important factor in the decision to grant India independence in 1947?
PARA 1- QUIT INDIA
(mass imprisonment to overwhelm raj, congress and leaders arrested, peasants became own leaders, 1000 deaths as a result, infrastructure damaged)
PARA 2- THE MUSLIM LEAGUE AND JINNAH CALLING VIOLENCE
(day of action effectively started civil war, 5000 dead in 72 hours, congress and ML prepare to die ‘bloodbath’, wavell couldn’t deal and made evacuation plan, violence gained partition, disagree to silam, may offer etc)
PARA 3- BRITISH SITUATION AND MOUNTBATTEN
(debt post ww2, india governed itself post ww2, mountbatten declaration, boundary commission,balkan plan, but no choice due to violence)
How accurate is it to say that the Second World War was the most significant factor driving Indian nationalism in the years 1935-45?
SECOND WORLD WAR- YES HINDU NATIONALISM
(congress resigned, britain invested in indian troops, Roosevelt put pressure on churchill raising self determination)
NO- IDEATION OF MUSLIM PATITION
(lahore resolution, muslim reaction to ww2, august offer)
-BENGAL FAMINE
(jinnah and gandhi used to increase nationalism, however arguably a result of war)
‘The impact of communal violence after the Second World War was the most significant factor in the British decision to partition the Indian subcontinent in August 1947’. How far do you agree?
VIOLENCE
(as a result of divisions, Quit India campaign, muslim day of deliverance)
ROLE PLAYED BY MOUNTBATTEN
(result of violence, montagu declaration, boundary commission, palkan plan, pushed date of independence forward)
SITUATION IN BRITAIN
(economic situ, pressure from Roosevelt, not enough to invest, indian governed itself after ww2, result of violence)
