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Anatomy Block 3 > IMPORTANT STUFF > Flashcards

IMPORTANT STUFF Flashcards

1
Q

How do veins of the scalp drain?

Clinical relevance?

A

Veins of scalp anastomose and are connected to diploic veins of skull bones and intracranial venous sinuses via emissary veins. Infections can spread to the bone and into the brain.

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2
Q

Lymph in this area, drains into what lymph node:

  1. In anterior part of scalp and forehead
  2. Lateral part of scalp above the ear
  3. Above and behind the ear
  4. Back of the scalp
A
  1. Submandibular nodes
  2. Superficial parotid nodes
  3. Mastoid nodes
  4. Occipital nodes
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3
Q

Why is bleeding of the scalp hard to stop? What do you do to get it to stop?

A

Arterial walls are attached to fibrous septa in subcutaneous tissue. Have to apply pressure to laceration to get it to stop.

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4
Q

Wound will gape when this is cut because it has a lot of tension? What do you have to do for it to heal?

A

Aponeurosis, and it needs to be sutured

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5
Q

There is none of this in the face?

A

Deep fascia

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6
Q

Surgical scars are less conspicuous if they follow the _________.

A

wrinkle lines

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7
Q

What does the buccal nerve branch off of?

A

Trick question….
Buccal branch off of Facial
Buccal off of Mandibular division (V3) of Trigeminal

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8
Q

The face receives arterial supply from?

A

Facial and Superficial temporal

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9
Q

Facial vein is connected to the cavernous sinus via the __________, why is this important clinically?

A

ophthalmic vein

provides path for infection to spread from face to cavernous sinus

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10
Q

Why is the pterion important clinically?

A

The artery underneath it middle meningeal artery could be hit and hemorrhage… Not a structurally sound area since there are several bones coming together there.

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11
Q

The type of fracture depends on what 3 things?

A

age of patient
severity of blow
are of skull receiving trauma

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12
Q

The _______ parts of the temporal bones and occipital crests strongly reinforce the base of the skull and tend to deflect linear fractures.

A

petrous (thick)

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13
Q

What fracture will have bleeding from the nose (epistaxis) and leakage of cerebrospinal fluid into the nose (cerebrospinal rhinorrhea).

A

Anterior cranial fossa

Middle cranial fossa

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14
Q

What is the weakest part of the base of the skull? What nerves could be involved?

A

Middle cranial fossa
VII and VIII
III, IV, VI may be damaged if the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus is torn

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15
Q

What fracture lets blood escape into the nape of the neck deep into the post-vertebral muscles?

A

Posterior cranial fossa

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16
Q

What fracture occurs as a result of massive trauma?

extensive swelling of face, CSF leak due to cribiform plate fracture, double vision due to orbital wall damage.

A

Maxillofacial fracture

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17
Q

Which way does your head turn if you are contracting your left sternocleidomastoid?

A

To the right, rotation is opposite of contracting muscle

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18
Q

Carotid body and sinus are important in reflex control of what 3 things?

A

heart rate
blood pressure
respiratory rate

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19
Q

Where does the External carotid artery terminate at?

A

Parotid gland

20
Q

Which nerve is surrounded by meningeal sheaths of pia, arachnoid, and dura mater?

A

Optic nerve CNII

21
Q

What nerve/nerves supply the lacrimal gland?

A

Zygomaticotemporal (branch of V2)

Lacrimal (V1)

22
Q

CSF runs in what space? what is clinically important about this in the orbit?

A

Subarachnoid space, any change in pressure within the cranial cavity can push on the back of the eyeball. can cause a lot of problems if it pushes on optic nerve.

23
Q

What nerve is involved with a droopy lid?

A

CNIII Occulomotor

24
Q

What nerves are in the Cavernous sinus?

A

CN III, CN IV, V1, V2, VI

25
Q

If you have a blown pupil, and a 3rd nerve paulsy what is likely the problem? (not important for block exam but cool)

A

Lesion/Possible aneurysm on cavernous sinus

Need to send them straight to ER

26
Q

Pancoast tumor pushes on superior cervical ganglion, does what to pupils?

A

Pupils constrict, because sympathetic innervation is blocked.

27
Q

What CN is not inside the common tendinous ring?

A

CN III Trochlear

28
Q

True/False: It is easy to do posterior dislocation.

A

False, it is hard to do a posterior dislocation, but an anterior dislocation can be done by opening mouth too wide

29
Q

Excessive contraction of the _______ pterygoids may cause the heads of the mandible to dislocate past the ______________.

A

Lateral

Articular tubercles

30
Q

What nerve originates as two roots that encircle/surrounds the middle meningeal artery?

A

Auriculotemporal

31
Q

Inferior alveolar nerve gives off the _________________ then goes through mandibular foramen, then exits mandible as mental nerve.

A

nerve to the mylohyoid

32
Q

Ansa subclavia wraps around what artery?

A

Subclavian artery

33
Q

deep cervical artery ends by anastamosing with a branch of ___________ artery

A

occipital

34
Q

Dorsal scapular comes off of the subclavian artery, then the artery arising from the thyrocervical trunk is called what?

A 
Superficial cervical (majority of time it is this way)
transverse cervical if it arises from it (not as often)
35
Q

Veins of scalp freely anastamose and are connected to diploic veins of skull and bones and intracranial venous sinuses via ____________.

A

Emissary veins

36
Q

THe face receives arterial supply from what two structures?

A

Facial artery and Superficial temporal artery

37
Q

Pulse of the facial artery can be felt where?

A

Where it crosses the mandible

38
Q

What does the retromandibular vein drain into?

A

External jugular?

39
Q

What nerve is the only nerve to only contain autonomic fibers?

A

Nerve of (vidian) pterygoid canal

40
Q

What is within the carotid sheath?

A

Common carotid
Internal jugular
Vagus nerve

41
Q

What nerves lie anterior to the first part of the subclavian artery?

A

Phrenic
Ansa subclavia
Vagus

42
Q

What muscle splits the subclavian into 3 different parts?

A

Anterior scalene

43
Q

What originates from CN VII in the facial canal just above the stylomastoid foramen?

A

Chorda Tympani

44
Q

What contains special sensory or taste fibers for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Chorda tympani

45
Q

The chorda tympani has preganglionic parasympathetic fibers that synapse in the ________ ganglion which supply what?

A

submandibular

supplies submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

46
Q

What artery is underneath the pterion if hit is damaged causes what?

A

middle meningeal artery causes epidural hematoma

Anatomy Block 3 (14 decks)

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