IMPORTANT STUFF Flashcards
How do veins of the scalp drain?
Clinical relevance?
Veins of scalp anastomose and are connected to diploic veins of skull bones and intracranial venous sinuses via emissary veins. Infections can spread to the bone and into the brain.
Lymph in this area, drains into what lymph node:
- In anterior part of scalp and forehead
- Lateral part of scalp above the ear
- Above and behind the ear
- Back of the scalp
- Submandibular nodes
- Superficial parotid nodes
- Mastoid nodes
- Occipital nodes
Why is bleeding of the scalp hard to stop? What do you do to get it to stop?
Arterial walls are attached to fibrous septa in subcutaneous tissue. Have to apply pressure to laceration to get it to stop.
Wound will gape when this is cut because it has a lot of tension? What do you have to do for it to heal?
Aponeurosis, and it needs to be sutured
There is none of this in the face?
Deep fascia
Surgical scars are less conspicuous if they follow the _________.
wrinkle lines
What does the buccal nerve branch off of?
Trick question….
Buccal branch off of Facial
Buccal off of Mandibular division (V3) of Trigeminal
The face receives arterial supply from?
Facial and Superficial temporal
Facial vein is connected to the cavernous sinus via the __________, why is this important clinically?
ophthalmic vein
provides path for infection to spread from face to cavernous sinus
Why is the pterion important clinically?
The artery underneath it middle meningeal artery could be hit and hemorrhage… Not a structurally sound area since there are several bones coming together there.
The type of fracture depends on what 3 things?
age of patient
severity of blow
are of skull receiving trauma
The _______ parts of the temporal bones and occipital crests strongly reinforce the base of the skull and tend to deflect linear fractures.
petrous (thick)
What fracture will have bleeding from the nose (epistaxis) and leakage of cerebrospinal fluid into the nose (cerebrospinal rhinorrhea).
Anterior cranial fossa
Middle cranial fossa
What is the weakest part of the base of the skull? What nerves could be involved?
Middle cranial fossa
VII and VIII
III, IV, VI may be damaged if the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus is torn
What fracture lets blood escape into the nape of the neck deep into the post-vertebral muscles?
Posterior cranial fossa
What fracture occurs as a result of massive trauma?
extensive swelling of face, CSF leak due to cribiform plate fracture, double vision due to orbital wall damage.
Maxillofacial fracture
Which way does your head turn if you are contracting your left sternocleidomastoid?
To the right, rotation is opposite of contracting muscle
Carotid body and sinus are important in reflex control of what 3 things?
heart rate
blood pressure
respiratory rate
Where does the External carotid artery terminate at?
Parotid gland
Which nerve is surrounded by meningeal sheaths of pia, arachnoid, and dura mater?
Optic nerve CNII
What nerve/nerves supply the lacrimal gland?
Zygomaticotemporal (branch of V2)
Lacrimal (V1)
CSF runs in what space? what is clinically important about this in the orbit?
Subarachnoid space, any change in pressure within the cranial cavity can push on the back of the eyeball. can cause a lot of problems if it pushes on optic nerve.
What nerve is involved with a droopy lid?
CNIII Occulomotor
What nerves are in the Cavernous sinus?
CN III, CN IV, V1, V2, VI
