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Microbiology > Important Ocular Bacteria > Flashcards

Important Ocular Bacteria Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the most common eye flora

A

Staphylococcus epidermist

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2
Q

What is the most commmon anaerobe

A

Propionibacterium acnes

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3
Q

What are stapylocicci?

A

GRam positive cocci
Aerobic, facultative anaerobes, produce catalase

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4
Q

How do staph aureus and staph epidermis differ

A

Staph aureus - coagulase positive
Staph epidermis - coagulase negative

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5
Q

What are streptococci?

A

Gram postiive cocci that are catalase negative

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6
Q

What is a beta haemolytic strep

A

Streoptococcus pyogenes

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7
Q

What is a alpha haemolytic strep

A

Streop pneumonia

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8
Q

What are examples of gram positive rods

A

Bacillus
Clostridium
Corynebacterium
Propionibacterium

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9
Q

What are bacillia

A

Large, aerobic, spore formin

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10
Q

What is the funciton of spores?

A

Allow organism to survive long periods - resistant to heat, radiation, dessiccation and chemicals

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11
Q

What are clostridia?

A

Anaerobic spore forming bacteria ( gram postiive)

Produce powerful exotoxins

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12
Q

What does clostridium tetani cause? Treatment?

A

Tetanus toxin is an exotoxin that targets the presynaptic terminals of inhibtory interneurones - tonic spasm of voluntary muscles

Sensitive to penicillin

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13
Q

What does Clostridium perfringens cause?

A

Gas gangrene

Sensitive to penicillin

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14
Q

What are corynebacterium

A

Gram positive aerobic, non-spore forming

Commensal on skin and mucous membranes

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15
Q

What are propionibacterium? What can it cause?

A

Non sporing gram positive
Anaerobic
Normal commensal on eyelids and in Meiboman glands

Can cause chronic blepharitis and endophthalmitis post cataract surgery

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16
Q

What is an example of gram positive filament?

A

Actinomycetes
- grow in the form of mycelial network

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17
Q

What is a gram negative cocci?

A

Neisseria

18
Q

What are gram negative rods?

A

Pseudomonas
HAemophilus
Moraxella
Enterobacteria

19
Q

What are examples of spirochaetes

A

Borrelia
Trepnomes

20
Q

What are acid fast bacilli?

A

Mycobacterium

21
Q

What are mollicutes?

A

Lack cell wall

Mycoplasma pneumonia
Mycoplasmia hominis
Ureoplasma ureolytica

22
Q

What are neisseriae?

A

Aerobic gram negative cocci

REquire speical media such as heated blood agar with high CO2 to grow

23
Q

What media is growth of gonnococcus optimal?

A

Enriched coholate agar - tHayer-Martin medium

24
Q

What is treatment for ophthalmia neonatorum

A

Cephalosporin
Penicillin

25
Q

What is pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A

Aerobic, non-motile, gram negative rodW

26
Q

hat is the effect of pseudomonas?

A

Does not penetrate healthy conreal epithelium but using proteases can pass through traumatised epithelium easily - keratitisW

Produces toxin A - breaks down protein glycol matrices

27
Q

What are risk factors pseudomonas

A

Corneal trauma
Thermal burns
Vitamin A deficiency
Immune suppression

28
Q

What is haemophilus

A

Non-motile, non-spore, aerobic gram negative rod

Cultured on chocolate or blood agar (low CO2)

29
Q

What does Haem. influenza b cause?

A

URTI - sinusitis - orbital cellulitis
Endophthalmitis post intraocular surgery
Meningitis
Epiglottitis

30
Q

What causes chancroid

A

H. ducreyi

31
Q

What is moraxella? What do they cause

A

GRam negative diplobacillus
Purulent conjunctival infection

32
Q

What are entrobacteria?

A

Small aerobic facultative anaerobic bacteria

Normal GI flora

E. coli - grow MacConkey agar

33
Q

What are spirochaeteso

A

Helical structure with flagellate structures allowing for spiral motility

34
Q

What are Borrelia?

A

Large slender organisms

35
Q

How is Borrelia burdogferi transmitted?

A

Through intermediate host of tick IxodesH

36
Q

ow can Lyme borreliosis be detected

A

Immunofluorescent assay or ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay - to measure IgM and IgG antibodies

37
Q

What are treponemes?

A

Outer envelope
Peptidoglycan cell wall

38
Q

What is the cause of syphilis

A

TReponema pallidum - spirochete - helical bacterium , temp sensitive

39
Q

What does mycobacterium grow on

A

Lowensetin Jensen medium - cultures can take 8 weeks to grow

40
Q
A

Microbiology (10 decks)

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