impact of physical activity and sport on the health if an individual Flashcards
what is heart disease
it affects coronary arteries(small arteries that supply the heart with oxygenated blood.
what is the process which fatty deposits(atheromas) accumulate known as?
atherosclerosis
how can atherosclerosis be prevented
regular exercise and not smoking
how does regular exercise prevent it
it maintains the elasticity in the blood vessels preventing the build up of cholesterol
what is angina
pain in the chest due to the narrowing of the coronary arteries as blood flow to the heart is reduced
what is cardiac arrest
when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating
what happens when atheromas break away
it can lead to cardiac arrest
what disease reduces cardiac output, what is cardiac output
cardiovascular/heart disease reduces cardiac output(the volume of blood being pumped by the left or right ventricle per unit of time)
what is LDL, how is it harmful?
low density lipoproteins, they are harmful as they are linked to heart disease and the build up of atheromas
what is HDL? what does it do
hugh density lipoproteins, they transport excess cholesterol to the liver where it is broken down, regular exercise boosts HDL and reduces LDL
where can LDL be found
meat and dairy products use artificial trans fats which are linked to LDL
why are saturated fats bad?
they are artificially occurring, they are linked with the development of LDL and high cholesterol
where can unsaturated fats be found
avocados, nuts, fish and olive oil, are all associated with HDL
can LDL increase the risk of heart disease
yes as it is linked to increasing the build up of atheromas therefore increases the risk of heart disease
what does the brain require to maintain bodily functions
a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients
