Impact Of Lifestyle On Health & Fitness Flashcards
List 4 factors affecting the lifestyle we lead
Economic status
Role models
Education
Local facilities
List 5 factors that make coronary heart disease more likely
⬆️ bp
⬆️ cholesterol, especially LDL
Smoking
Type 2 diabetes
Not exercising regularly
What causes coronary heart disease
Atherosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis
What are the fatty deposits in atherosclerosis called
Atheroma
How can a heart attack be caused
If the atheroma in an artery causes a blood clot resulting in a blockage so preventing O2 blood from reaching heart
Define blood pressure
Force exerted by blood on vessel walls
List 4 factors contributing to high bp
Lack of exercise
Being overweight
High levels of salt
Smoking
List 3 factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes
High bp
Sedentary lifestyle
High fat and cholesterol diet
How much does smoking reduce life expectancy
10 years
What can heavy alcohol consumption link to? (4)
Liver conditions I.e cirrhosis
High bp
Obesity
Damage to nervous tissue
List two psychological problems linked to poor lifestyle
Poor body image
Low self esteem
What are the two types of cholesterol
LDL
HDL
Define LDL
Found in sat fats
Too much can block arteries and limit blood flow = atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis
Define HDL
Removes LDL deposits and transports to liver for excretion
Define trans fats
Type is saturated (hydrogenated) fat that is often found in process food.
Can lead to high blood cholesterol
How does exercise help combat obesity
Regular exercise ⬆️ basal metabolic rate
Exercise ⬆️ metabolic rate for up to 5 hours after
Define basal metabolic rate
Minimum amount of energy that body requires to maintain life at rest
List 6 benefits of exercise
Helps control high blood sugar levels to prevent/control DIABETES
Boosts the immune system
⬆️ bone density to protect against osteoporosis
⬆️ self confidence + helps prevent depression
Reduces risk of heart attack up to 20%.
Bradycardia
Maintain healthy weight which reduces risk of stroke by 27%
How does exercise help boost self confidence and help depression
Exercise releases the hormones endorphins and chemical serotonin in the brain which makes you feel good about yourself
How can type 2 diabetes occur
Consuming high levels of sugar causes a lot of insulin to be released.
If consumption of sugar persists = ⬆️⬆️ insulin secretes = in time body becomes tolerant to insulin so no longer has an effect
OR
When pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood glucose level.
