Impact Of Lifestyle On Health & Fitness

Question 1

List 4 factors affecting the lifestyle we lead

Answer 1

Economic status

Role models

Education

Local facilities

Question 2

List 5 factors that make coronary heart disease more likely

Answer 2

⬆️ bp

⬆️ cholesterol, especially LDL

Smoking

Type 2 diabetes

Not exercising regularly

Question 3

What causes coronary heart disease

Answer 3

Atherosclerosis

Arteriosclerosis

Question 4

What are the fatty deposits in atherosclerosis called

Answer 4

Atheroma

Question 5

How can a heart attack be caused

Answer 5

If the atheroma in an artery causes a blood clot resulting in a blockage so preventing O2 blood from reaching heart

Question 6

Define blood pressure

Answer 6

Force exerted by blood on vessel walls

Question 7

List 4 factors contributing to high bp

Answer 7

Lack of exercise

Being overweight

High levels of salt

Smoking

Question 8

List 3 factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes

Answer 8

High bp

Sedentary lifestyle

High fat and cholesterol diet

Question 9

How much does smoking reduce life expectancy

Answer 9

10 years

Question 10

What can heavy alcohol consumption link to? (4)

Answer 10

Liver conditions I.e cirrhosis

High bp

Obesity

Damage to nervous tissue

Question 11

List two psychological problems linked to poor lifestyle

Answer 11

Poor body image

Low self esteem

Question 12

What are the two types of cholesterol

Answer 12

LDL

HDL

Question 13

Define LDL

Answer 13

Found in sat fats

Too much can block arteries and limit blood flow = atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis

Question 14

Define HDL

Answer 14

Removes LDL deposits and transports to liver for excretion

Question 15

Define trans fats

Answer 15

Type is saturated (hydrogenated) fat that is often found in process food.

Can lead to high blood cholesterol

Question 16

How does exercise help combat obesity

Answer 16

Regular exercise ⬆️ basal metabolic rate

Exercise ⬆️ metabolic rate for up to 5 hours after

Question 17

Define basal metabolic rate

Answer 17

Minimum amount of energy that body requires to maintain life at rest

Question 18

List 6 benefits of exercise

Answer 18

Helps control high blood sugar levels to prevent/control DIABETES

Boosts the immune system

⬆️ bone density to protect against osteoporosis

⬆️ self confidence + helps prevent depression

Reduces risk of heart attack up to 20%.

Bradycardia

Maintain healthy weight which reduces risk of stroke by 27%

Question 19

How does exercise help boost self confidence and help depression

Answer 19

Exercise releases the hormones endorphins and chemical serotonin in the brain which makes you feel good about yourself

Question 20

How can type 2 diabetes occur

Answer 20

Consuming high levels of sugar causes a lot of insulin to be released.

If consumption of sugar persists = ⬆️⬆️ insulin secretes = in time body becomes tolerant to insulin so no longer has an effect

OR

When pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin to maintain normal blood glucose level.