Impact of Exercise and Effects or WU & CD

Question 1

Name the positive short term effects of exercise

Answer 1

• Increase production of synovial fluid which decreases the impact and increases the ROM

Question 2

Name the positive long term effects of exercise

Answer 2

-Improve bone density (Increased calcium/collagen/reduce risk of osteoporosis)​

Increase strength of ligaments (associated joints)​

Increased stability/stronger joints​

Stronger ligaments/tendons​

Prevents sprains/dislocations​

-Reduced risk of (osteo)arthritis​

—–Exercise thickens (articular/hyaline) cartilage​

——Which covers the ends of adjacent bones​

——More/improved synovial fluid produced​

——-Reduces friction/wear and tear at joints​

——–Joints better able to absorb shock​

———Most common in weight-bearing joints/knee/hip/ankle​

-Improved posture​

——–Increased strength of core stability muscles​

——–Reduces likelihood of lower back pain/ spine curvature​

——Named back problems e.g. sciatica, scoliosis​

-Weight management​

———Maintain a balanced active healthy lifestyle​

———-Prevent sedentary lifestyle (leading to e.g. osteoporosis)

Question 3

Name the negative short term effects of exercise

Answer 3

-Acute/impact injuries’
——contact sports—»> fractures/dislocations/torn cartilage

Question 4

Name the negative long term effects of exercise

Answer 4

-Increased risk of (osteo)arthritis​

—–Overuse/poor technique can cause wear and tear/ loss of (articular/hyaline) cartilage​

—–Reduced production of synovial fluid​

——-Friction between bone surfaces​

——–Formation of bone spurs​

———High impact activities/repetitive actions are risk factor​

———Weight bearing joints e.g. knee/hip/ankle​

-Chronic/overuse injuries​

——–Repetitive actions cause damage​

———Tendonitis injuries e.g. tennis/golfers elbow​

———-Stress fractures e.g. shin splints​

———E.g. Osgood Schlatter’s disease/bursitis​

-Acute/impact injuries​

——-Can lead to arthritis in later life​

———Can lead to sedentary lifestyle during recovery or to avoid repeat injury

Question 5

Warm up benefits

Answer 5

Accentuate the positive and reduce the negative​
Increased production of synovial fluid (Reduce friction, ROM)

Question 6

Cool down benefits

Answer 6

Return ligaments/muscles to pre-exercise length – stabilize joints​