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immunology > Immunology Lecture 2. > Flashcards

Immunology Lecture 2. Flashcards

1
Q

What is antibody?

A

activity/clumping against antigen

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2
Q

Which immunoglobulin is most common in the blood?

A

IgG

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3
Q

Which immunoglobulin is first one made in an immune response?

A

IgM

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4
Q

Which is the largest immunoglobulin by mass?

A

IgM

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5
Q

Which immunoglobulin has the longest half life?

A

IgG (most stable)

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6
Q

Which immunoglobulin has the shortest half-life/lowest serum level and why?

A

IgE - sticks to cells very quickly - does not need bound antigen to bind to cells

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7
Q

Which immunoglobulin activates the complement system?

A

IgM (most potent)

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8
Q

Which immunoglobulin can transport across the placenta?

A

IgG (baby has mother’s profile of IgGs)

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9
Q

Which immunoglobulin can transport across epithelium?

A

IgA (as a dimer) - in secretions

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10
Q

How do IgG and IgE differ?

A

IgG needs bound antigen to bind to cells, IgE does not (very sticky)

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11
Q

What are the main functions of IgG?

A

toxin neutralizing (tetanus!), agglutinating, opsonizing, bacteriolytic

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12
Q

Why does IgM require complement for opsonization?

A

immune cells do not have IgM

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13
Q

What is the secretory piece of IgA?

A

T-piece - resists acid hydrolysis

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14
Q

What form is IgM predominately found?

A

pentamer - held together by J chain and disulfide bonds

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15
Q

What form is IgA predominately found?

A

dimer - has j chain between - highly glycosylated

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16
Q

What is the function of IgD?

A

co-expressed with IgM on surface of B-lymphocytes, associated with some tumor cells

17
Q

What is the function of IgE?

A

Immediate hypersensitivity (allergies) - fixes to mast cells BEFORE antigen is bound - cross linking causes release of histamine from mast cell - used to be used to clear parasites

18
Q

What is the structure of IgE

A

similar to IgM

19
Q

What did we find by proteolytically degrading immunoglobulins?

A

constant region is crystallizable and binds to Fc receptor, variable region can’t crystalize, binds only antigen

20
Q

What are hypervariable regions?

A

provide the sequence of the very specific antigen binding site

21
Q

How many hypervariable regions per antibody?

A

three - spread out linearly, but close together in space

immunology (18 decks)

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